群的元素的阶与元素乘积的阶.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 20 群的元素的阶与元素乘积的阶 摘要：群作为目前研究范围最为广泛、研究内容最为丰富的代数系统，它所体现出的数学思想具有非常重要的意义，并且在很多领域中都有广泛的应用，因此对群论的研究成为众多学者的研究课题。研究群论的最终目的就是研究群的内在构造，而群元素的阶作为刻画群结构最基本的数量性质，无疑成为了研究群结构的最有效的媒介。本文就是从群元素的阶这个角度切入，通过对群中两个可交换元素乘积的探究，证明了文献[6]中的一个结论有误，在此基础上归纳出两个可交换元素乘积的阶的一般表达方式。并由此推出两个可交换元素乘积的阶等于它们各自阶的最小公倍数的两个充分条件。除此之外本文还将群中任意两个可交换元素乘积的阶是它们阶的最小公倍数的约数这个结论推广至群中有限多个可交换的元素。 关键词：群；元素；群元素的阶； Order of elements of groups and order of the product of elements Abstract: As the most widely research scope and the most abundant algebra system, group reflects the mathematical thought which has very important significance, and has wide application in many fields. So, the study of group theory becomes a research topic of many scholars. The aim of the study of group theory is to investigate the structure of all groups, and as the number of the most basic properties characterization of structures, there is no doubt the order of elements becomes the research group of the most effective medium structure. This article is based on the order of elements by exploration of the product of any two exchangeable elements in the group. This proves that there is a wrong conclusion in literature [6]. And then it sums up a general expression of the order of the product of the two exchangeable elements. And deduce two sufficient conditions about the order of the product of two elements is equal to the least common multiple of their order. In addition to this, the paper the paper expanded a theory to a finite number of exchangeable. This theory is about the order of the product of two elements is equal to the divisor of least common multiple of their order. Keywords: group; elements; the order of elements 1 引言 1.1选题背景 自十九世纪，法国数学家加罗瓦第一次利用了群的思想将用根式求解代数方程的可能性问题顺利解决后，便夯牢了群论发展的根基，这一举措曾引起了当时数学界的轰动。而后通过数学家对代数方程可解性问题进一步的研究，群论的发展逐渐成熟乃至诞生了一个完整的群理论体系，该体系为近世代数学的创立提供了理论依据，从此代数学进入了一个全新的里程。此外，值得一提的是群论还开启了崭新的研究范畴，将内在结构研究替代传统运算，提出一种主张用结构理念来考量问题的较为新颖的思考方式。 近一百多年来随着科学应用的需要和数学的发展，群论的研究方法和对象发生了一系列变化，因此产生了群论中各种各样不同的分支。而在众多分支中，综合各个方面来说有限群论在代数学中具