陕西崔木煤矿顶板水害分析.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 59 陕西崔木煤矿顶板水害分析 摘要 自上世纪70 年代以来，随着煤矿开采向深部地层推进，开采条件与水文地质条件的复杂性，综合机械化开采设备和大采厚采煤方法的应用，都对煤层顶板产生了更大的扰动，使得顶板水害事故发生的频率逐渐增大，严重影响煤矿的正常生产。因此，分析研究煤矿开采时的充水条件和突水规律，超前预测顶板水害并制订防治措施，对确保矿井安全生产具有重要意义。本文以崔木煤矿为研究对象，对顶板突水特征进行分析，并进行防治工程设计，设计成果对崔木煤矿顶板水害防治具有指导意义。 通过分析矿区顶板覆岩发育特征，根据规程经验公式计算、数值模拟、相似矿井实测类比综合确定崔木煤矿裂采比16.85（采厚12m），导水裂缝带波及到洛河组含水层23.6m；使用富水系数比拟法、大井法、集水廊道法进行了开采涌水量预计，确定工作面正常涌水量172m3/h，最大涌水量516 m3/h。综合水文地质条件、物探成果、覆岩发育特征判断工作面面临一定的顶板砂岩孔隙裂隙含水层水害威胁。 根据顶板水害威胁程度评价结果，确定工作面防治水总体思路以“疏、排”为主。针对21301工作面采空区进行老空水疏放钻孔设计，针对21302、21303工作面顶板物探异常区进行探放水设计，消除突水隐患；断层防隔水煤柱的留设可以保证工作面的安全开采；在工作面设置泄水巷和临时水仓，并配置足够的水泵和排水管路，使工作面积水可以及时排出，保证工作面具有一定的排水能力。 关键词：顶板水害；导水裂缝带；涌水量预计；防治工程 ABSTRACT Since the 1970s, with the increase of mining depth, the complexity of mining conditions and hydrogeological conditions, the application of comprehensive mechanized mining equipments and coal mining methods with large mining thickness which generated greater disturbance for seam roof has increased the frequency of roof water accidents, seriously affected the normal production of coal mines. Therefore, the study of water filling conditions, the analysis of water inrush law, the advance prediction of water inrush and the implement of control measures, are important to ensure mining safety and increase productivity. In this paper, we analyzed the water inrush features of Cui Wu coal mine and proposed the prevention measures. The design results can be used as introductions to prevent roof water inrush. Through analyzing the development characteristics of roof overlaying rock, we calculated the maximum of mining fractured zone according to empirical formula, numerical simulation and the analogy of measured data. The ratio of the height of mining fractured zone to the mining height was determined as 16.85(mining thickness is 12m), water flowing fracture spread to Luohe aquifer 23.6m.Using the rich water coefficient analogy method, big well method and catchment corridor method, we obtain the results that the normal water infl