现代死刑存废制度的探讨.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 17 现代死刑存废制度的探讨 摘要：死刑，世界上最古老的刑罚之一，是指行刑者基于法律所赋予的权力，结束一个犯人的生命。据维基百科有关数据统计，目前国际上有将近三分之二的国家废除死刑，我国不在其内。而《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（八）》的修订减少了13个经济性非暴力犯罪的死刑，《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（九）》草案的拟定，可见其均向“少杀、慎杀、轻型化 ”发展，人权得到了进一步的重视。死刑保留和废除两种呼声和意见与国际社会的主流观点不谋而合，但我们也应该看到在我国国情和法治不断发展的大背景下，死刑废除是不可能得到社会主流声音的支持的。笔者将从历史原因、国外经验的借鉴两方面并且结合当下的国情给予一些个人的分析和观点。 关键词：死刑；死刑废除论；死刑保留论；《刑法修正案（八）》；《刑法修正案（九）》 Abolishment or continuance of the modern death penalty Abstract:Death penalty, named as capital punishment or execute, is the one of the oldest punishment in the world which derived from revenge of blood relation in original society. Now it means executioner based on the right given by law end the life of the prisoner.According to wikipedia data statistics, now has nearly two-thirds of the country to abolish the death penalty in the world, as well as in our country. As the Amendment to criminal law 8th of PRC;Amendment to criminal law 9th of PRC showing，they are visible to the little kill, kill, light-duty development, human rights has been further attention.Correspondently, some experts hold the opinion on reserving the death penalty, requiring reduce death penalty and avoid carrying out death penalty. Those two opinions happened to have the same view with the main opinion from international society. However, we should see that abolishment of death penalty can not be supported by the main stream of society under the background of the development of the national conditions and government by law. Besides, the reality of problem of “living punishment too light, death punishment too heavy” leads us more thinking about the present policy for death penalty. Keywords: the death penalty ;The abolition of the death penalty;Amendment to criminal law 8th of PRC;Amendment to criminal law 9th of PRC 一、前言 在中国这个日趋向于现代化的社会，注重法治的建设是毋庸置疑的，因而刑事法律学科的建设就犹为重要。死刑的存废与否是中国社会主义现代化过程中不可回避的问题。死刑是指行刑者基于法律所赋予的权力，结束一个犯人的生命。死刑在我国有着数千年的历史，最早可以追溯到尧舜时期[1]，是最严厉的一种刑罚它自产生以来便没有被停止适用过。尽管死刑从未被停止适用但是由于他独有的严厉性，无论在中国还是外国的历史上，一直备受争议。 最早在唐朝时期，唐玄宗就“承大道之