中小企业融资问题的解决思路——基于温州金改.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 25 中小企业融资问题的解决思路——基于温州金改 摘要：中小企业融资问题一直以来都是一个世界性的难题，在市场经济制度已经十分成熟的发达国家中也无法完全避免。在处于经济转型重要时期的中国，该问题尤为凸显。我国的中小企业经过三十多年的迅速发展，现已成为我国经济不可或缺的骨干力量，截至2014年，我国中小企业数量占据了总企业数量的99%以上，它们在提供就业岗位、活跃市场环境等方面有着十分突出的贡献。然而，受中小企业自身实力与运营管理机制的不足和我国落后的外部融资体系等因素的制约，中小企业融资难成为制约经济进一步发展的绊脚石。本文以温州金改为出发点，从资本市场、银行业结构、民间金融等三方面入手，深人研究中小企业融资的机制，分析中小企业与外部金融体系的关系，从而提出缓解中小企业融资困境的思路和有效策略方法。 关键词：资本市场；银行业结构；民间金融 The Solutions to the Financing Problems of SMEs Based on Wenzhou Financial Reforms Abstract: The financing of SMEs has been a worldwide problem. It cannot be avoided even in the developed countries with highly matured Market Economic System. In an important period of economic restructuring in China, the problem is particularly prominent. During the last three decades of reform and opening up policies, China’s SMEs had rapid development and expansion up, Chinas economy has become an indispensable backbone, as of 2014, the number of SMEs account for more than 99% of the total number of firms, they providing jobs, active market environment and had very important contributions to China’s economy. However, restricted by its own power and operation and management mechanism behind our SME deficiencies and external financing system and other factors, SME financing as a constraint to further economic development of the stumbling block, Based on the financial reform in WenZhou, the paper will focus on the capital market, the banking structure and the private finance, Analyzing the relationship between SMEs and external financial system, which proposed to ease the financing difficulties of SMEs and effective policy method. Keywords: Capital Market; Banking Structure; Private Finance 一、导论 （一）研究背景与研究意义 1. 研究背景 中小企业融资问题一直以来都是一个世界性的难题，在市场经济制度已经十分成熟的发达国家中也无法完全避免。早在1931年，英国的麦克米兰委员会就提出来了著名的“麦克米兰缺口”，即相对于大量的融资需求来说，投资于中小企业的资本供给是明显不足的，存在“融资缺口”， 在处于经济转型重要时期的中国，该问题尤为凸显。我国的中小企业是在改革开放的三十多年间迅速发展壮大起来的，现已成为我国经济不可或缺的骨干力量，截至2014年，我国中小企业数量占据了总企业数量的99%以上，它们在提供就业岗位、活跃市场环境等方面有着十分突出的贡献。然而，受中小企业自身实力与运营管理机制的不足和我国落后的外部融资体系等