《无机化学》课件-105_Chapter-10MolecularStructure-lecture3.pptVIP

Chapter 10Molecular StructureLecture 3 — first proposed by Sidgwick NV (1940)Nevil Vincent Sidgwick (1873 - 1952)10.2 Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory, VSEPR Purpose:— to predict the shape of ABm molecules or ions formed between main group elements.ABmCentral atomligandNumber of ligand The VSEPR model is based on the electrostatic repulsion between like charges. The electron pairs in a molecule can be bonding pairs, which are shared by atoms in bonds, or nonbonding pairs (lone pairs). Both are negatively charged regions of electron density. ? The electron pairs tend to be as far away from each other as possible. The resulting arrangements around the central atom depend on the total number of electron domains. 10.2.1 Key Points of VSEPR ? The electron pairs geometry refers to arrangement of electron pairs around a central atom of an ABn molecule.? The molecular geometry of a molecule (or ion) refers to the arrangement of the atoms. ? It is important to understand the difference between these two terms, electron-pairs geometry and molecular geometry . 1)3)2) 1) Count the number of electron pairs around the central atom. 2) Arrange electron-pairs (also called electron domains) geometry that minimizes repulsion between electron pairs including lone pair and bonded pair of electron.3) Determine the stable structure of ABm.To determine the molecular geometry (or shape) of a molecule or polyatomic ion, we follow a three-step procedure.10.2.2 How to Use VSEPR valence shell electron pairs around the central atom=Valence shell electrons of central atomElectrons offered by ligand ＋21) Count Valence Electron-Pairs around the Central Atom example central atom ligand B group 3 / C group 4 / N group 5 / O group