高中英语高考it用法讲与练.docVIP

高中英语高考it用法讲与练 ★1. 指代作用 ●(1)用作人称代词，代替前文或后文所提到的该动物，事情或东西(单数可数名词或不可数名词)。 1)This is a new minibus. I bought it last week. 2)We saw a panda at the foot of the mountain yesterday. It was eating some fresh bamboo then. 3) ----Where have you put the rice? ----I put it in the cupboard two days ago, but it is gone. ●(2)代替前面的整个句子。 1)Tom joined the air force last year. Do you know about it? 2)When the factory shuts down, it will mean about 9000 workers losing their jobs. 3)It is said that her aunt died of lung/liver cancer, but it isn’t true． ◆It is said that her aunt died of lung/liver cancer, which isn’t true． (定语从句) 4)Mrs. Green advised her husband strongly that he should stop smoking, but it didn’t help/work. ◆Mrs. Green advised her husband strongly that he should stop smoking, which didn’t help/work. (定语从句) ●(3)用以代替指示代词this或that。 1) ----What’s that/this? ----It’s a camera. 2) ----Whose recorder is this/that? ----It is theirs. ●(4)代替不能或没有必要区分性别的或某些习惯说法中的人。 如婴儿、敲门时、打电话时。 1)The baby cried because it was hungry． 2) ----Who is knocking at the door?/Who is that? ----It’s me/Kate． 3) ---Who is that (speaking)? ---It/This is me/Mike (speaking). ●(5)用作非人称代词，指时间、日期、距离、自然现象(天气、气候、明暗)、量度、 温度、 价格、重量、环境等。 1)It’s Wednesday today. 2)It is December 24. 3)It is about 300 kilometers from Chongqing to Chengdu. 4)It is cloudy/rainy/snowy/windy today. 5)It will rain/snow/blow hard tomorrow. 6)It is noisy at the neighborhood at the moment. 7) ----How much is the leather jacket? ----It’s 800 dollars. ★2. 形式作用 ●(1)形式主语: 当动词不定式、doing形式或从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语之后，而用it作句子的形式主语。 1)It’s important to master one or two foreign languages. 2)It is good not to spend too much time before the computer. 3)It is a great honor (for us) to be invited to your opening ceremony. 4)It seems a pity to call off the concert. 5)It has been decided to put off the conference till January 29. 6)It made us very angry to hear him talk like that. 7)It is good manners (for us) to let t