灌浆期高温和渍水对小麦植株氮素吸收转运、籽粒蛋白质含量、GMP和HMW-GS含量的影响.docVIP

  灌浆期高温和渍水对小麦植株氮素吸收转 运、籽粒蛋白质含量、GMP 和 HMW-GS 含量的影响# 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 张玉，蔡剑，戴廷波，曹卫星，姜东** （南京农业大学农学院，南京 210095） 摘要：灌浆期高温和渍水是长江中下游麦区小麦籽粒灌浆期主要的自然灾害。本试验以中筋 品种扬麦 16 号为材料，在小麦灌浆期分别设置高温、渍水、对照处理，研究灌浆期高温、 渍水逆境条件下对小麦植株氮素吸收转运、籽粒蛋白质含量、GMP 和 HMW-GS 含量的影 响。与对照相比，灌浆期高温和渍水处理都显著降低了小麦的千粒重、生物产量和收获指数 和籽粒产量。灌浆期渍水处理显著降低了花前贮藏氮素运转量、运转率和花后贮藏氮素运转 量及其对籽粒氮素的贡献率，但显著提高了花前贮藏氮素对籽粒氮素的贡献率。灌浆期高温 处理显著提高了籽粒蛋白质、清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白含量和降落值，但显著降低了谷蛋 白含量和谷/醇比、GMP、HMW-GS；灌浆期渍水处理与对照相比显著提高籽粒醇溶蛋白含 量、降落值，而显著降低了籽粒清蛋白、谷蛋白含量、谷/醇比、GMP、HMW-GS。 关键词：小麦；高温；渍水；碳氮代谢；品质 中图分类号：S512 Effects of high temperature and waterlogging during grain filling on plant accumulation and translocation of nitrogen assimilates, grain protein content, GMP and HMW-GS in wheat ZHANG Yu, CAI Jian, DAI Tingbo, CAO Weixing, JIANG Dong (College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, NanJing 210095) Abstract: High temperature and waterlogging are major ecological adversities which limit grain quality formation during grain filling stage. To reveal the effects of post-anthesis high temperature and waterlogging on plant accumulation and translocation of nitrogen assimilates, grain protein content, GMP and HMW-GS in winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L). Compared with the control, treatments during grain filling stage significantly reduced the contents of harvest index and grain yield. Post-anthesis waterlogging treatment was significantly reduced NRA、NRR、NPA and NCP, while increased CNR. Post-anthesis high temperature treatment significantly increased the contents of total protein, albumin, globulin , gliadin, and increased falling number, but significantly reduced the content S of glutenin , glu/gli, GMP, HMW-GS. In addition , post-anthesis waterlogging significantly increased gliadin content, falling number, while decreased contents of albumin, glutenin, GMP, HMW-GS. Keywords: Wheat; High temperature; Waterlogging; Carbon and nitrogen metabolism; Quality 0 引言 小麦籽粒的产量和品质受遗传因素、生态环境和栽培措施的共同影响[1, 2]。长江中下游 麦区是我国的主要麦区之一，该地区在小麦生育中后期往往有着 30℃以上的高温天气，