羧酸苄酯的合成.pdfVIP

羧酸苄酯的合成 羧酸苄酯的合成 摘 要 香料是生活中的必需品。作为常用香料的羧酸苄酯，因具有水果香味而深受人们的 喜爱。 本文介绍了香料的分类、生产和香料工业的发展及其在国民经济中的作用。实验中 以羧酸、氢氧化钠和氯化苄为原料，以新洁而灭为相转移催化剂，对羧酸苄酯的合成路 线进行探索，并确定了最佳实验条件。合成乙酸苄酯时，最佳条件为：反应温度为 145 ℃左右，反应时间为 3h，氯化苄与乙酸钠的物料配比为 1.6:1，催化剂用量为 15 滴，产 率可高达 83% 以上。合成丙酸苄酯时，最佳条件为：氯化苄与丙酸钠的物料配比为 1.1:1， 反应时间为 2.5h ，反应温度为 140℃左右，催化剂用量为 15 滴。产率可高达 92% 以上。 合成丁酸苄酯时，最佳条件为：反应时间为 2h ，反应温度为 135℃左右，氯化苄与丁酸 钠的物料配比为 1.8:1，催化剂用量为 15 滴，产率可高达 90% 以上。通过折射率、红外 光谱法和气相色谱法对产品进行物性及结构表征，确定所合成的三种产品都是目标产 品。 关键词：香料，羧酸苄酯，氯化苄，新洁而灭，合成 2 羧酸苄酯的合成 The synthesis method for benzyl esters of carboxylic acids Abstract Perfumes are the necessary in people’s life. As frequently used perfumes, benzyl esters of carboxylic acids have the flavors of fruit, so that people love them very much. The classification and production of perfumes, the development and the role in the country economy of perfume industry were reviewed. The synthesis of benzyl esters of carboxylic acids from carboxylic acids, sodium hydroxide and benzyl chloride in the presence of ben zalkonium bromide as the phase transfer catalyst was studied. And the optimum technological condition has been found. While benzyl acetate was synthesized, the yield of the product can be up to 83%, when the reaction temperature was about 145℃, the reaction time was 3h, the molar ratio of benzyl chloride and sodium acetate was 1.6 : 1, the amount of catalyst was 15 drop. While benzyl propionate was synthesized, the yield of the product can be up to 92%, when the molar ratio of benzyl chloride and sodium propionate was 1.1 : 1, the