金融学专业毕业论文--中美助学贷款比较研究.docVIP

摘 要 助学贷款是由国家财政贴息、商业银行承办、旨在帮助经济困难的学生不因贫困而失去接受高等教育机会的一种政策性贷款。我国助学贷款制度始于1999年，短短几年时间其已经成为我国高校资助体系中覆盖面最广、资助力度最大的资助政策。然而国家助学贷款的本质是无担保的信用贷款，这使得国家助学贷款在实施过程中遇到了的违约率居高不下的问题，与此同时助学贷款本身制度上存在的问题也显现来了，这严重影响到了我国助学贷款制度的顺利实施。美国在助学贷款方面取得了较大的成功，其助学贷款无论是从制度本身的完善程度来说，还是从贷款的规模来讲都发展的相当完善。 本文对中美助学贷款进行了比较分析，找出我国助学贷款的不足，并总结了美国助学贷款的成功经验，并在此基础上提出了推动我国助学贷款发展的对策措施。 关键词：助学贷款，比较分析，违约率 ABSTRACT Student loan is a kind of policy loan, which, subsidized by national finance and undertaken by commercial banks, is intended to help students grasp the opportunities of finishing their studies in a condition of poverty. In our country, student loans began in 1999, during just several years, which has become an endowment policy with the widest coverage and the most powerful supporting strength. However, the essence of student loan is an unsecured loan. This made the national student loan encounter the problem of high default rates in the implementation, at the same time the problems which existed in the student loan system also appeared, which thereby affected its own smooth implementation. The student loans of the United state have made great success, either in the degree of perfection of the system itself, or in the size of the loan extended. This article made comparisons of the student loan between America and China, analyzed the problems which existed in the development of our student loan, and sumerized the sussessful experiences of American student loan, then put forward countermeasures to promote the development of our student loan. Key words: student loans, comparison and analysis, default rate 目 录 摘 要 Ⅰ ABSTRACT Ⅱ 引 言 1 一、中美助学贷款发展概述 1 （一）美国助学贷款发展概述 1 （二）中国助学贷款发展概述 2 二、中美助学贷款比较分析及经验总结 3 （一）比较分析 3 （二）经验总结 7 三、借鉴国际经验推动我国助学贷款发展的对策措施 7 （一）转嫁银行风险，提高积极性 7 （二）加强违约预防制度建设 8 （三）优化还款形式以及还款期限 9 （四）健全减免机制 9 参考文献 11 致 谢 13 引 言 助学贷款是由国家财政贴息、商业银行承办、旨在帮助经济困难的学生不因贫困而失去接受高等教育机会的一种政策性贷款。自1999年6月我国助学贷款开始试点，次年9月1日全面推行以来，为贫困大学生继续学习和生活，成为国家栋梁之材开辟了渠道，已经成为国家帮助贫困学生入学并完成学业的主要途径。助学贷款在很大程度上解