我国财政转移支付制度对地区经济增长和基本公共服务发展的影响分析.pdfVIP

摘 要 改革开放近三十年来，我国经济社会发展取得了举世瞩目的巨大成就，然 而，由于自然环境、经济基础、政治条件、文化传统等多方面因素的影响，我 国经济社会发展进程中区域间不平衡程度比较严重。这种地区间经济发展的严 重失衡不利于资源的有效配置甚至影响到整体经济发展的效率。 日益突出的地区差距问题引起了广泛关注，为缩小不断扩大的地区差距， 我国自二十世纪九十年代中期以来制定并推行了一系列公共政策，其中颇具代 表性的是自 1994 年财政体制改革后逐步建立起来的、致力于缩小地区差距的财 政转移支付制度。 从理论上弄清财政转移支付在缩小地区差距中的作用，进而建立更加科学 合理的转移支付决定机制，有助于规范和完善我国的财政转移支付制度，充分 发挥这一财政政策工具在促进我国经济社会发展中的作用。 本文以财政转移支付理论和内生经济增长理论为基础，同时运用定性分析 和定量分析两种方法，分析了财政转移支付对不同地区经济增长以及基本公共 服务的影响。结果发现，虽然我国的财政转移支付制度在一定程度上促进了地 区基本公共服务事业的发展，但由于“经济水平决定转移支付”，我国的财政转 移支付制度在缩小地区差距上并没有起到应有的作用。 关键词：财政转移支付；经济增长；基本公共服务 4 Abstract Since the Reform and Opening Up in 1978, China’s economic and social development has made great achievements. However, as a result of differences in natural conditions, social and political factors, serious regional imbalance has formed, which is not conducive to effective allocation of resources and even affect the overall economic development efficiency. To narrow the gap between regions, the government has introduced a series of policy measures since the mid twentieth century, including the Fiscal Transfer Payment System built up in the Fiscal Reform since 1994. Clear from the theory of Fiscal Transfer Payment is helpful to establish a more scientific and rational transfer payment mechanism and is important in the promotion of economic and social development. In this paper, we base on the Fiscal Transfer Payment Theory and Endogenous Growth Theory to analyze the effects of transfer payment to the regional economic growth and basic public services development. The results show that, although the Transfer Payment System in our country to some extent promotes the basic public services, as a result of economic level