宪政语境下的行政问责制研究.pdfVIP

宪政语境下的行政问责制研究 摘 要 宪政的实质即是以权力控制来实现权利保障。随着市场经济的发展和社会 问题的增多，政府职能不断扩张，行政权力不断膨胀，政府公职人员的失范行 为也越来越频繁，往往突破了国家权力和社会权利的分野，进而严重侵犯了公 民权利。建立行政问责制，赋予社会问责主体更多话语权，发挥国家问责主体 应有权能，对失职人员进行责任追究，进而规范国家权力运行轨道，保障公民 权利正当行使——这既是宪政理念的现实物化，也是宪政制度的重要构成。 本文以宪政为理论语境，对宪政的内涵进行了界定，对行政问责制的概念 进行了阐释，并指出了二者的逻辑关系：宪政是行政问责制的终极目标，行政 问责制是宪政的应有之义。 反思历史，回顾了我国行政问责制的历史演进，正是原有行政生态中的困 扰和既有行政问责制度中的疏漏阻碍了问责措施的有效实施和问责初衷的完美 实现；借鉴西方，总结了西方国家行政问责制的先进经验，正是权力制约、社 会监督、法律规范、机构推动、程序保障的合力保证了行政问责制的有效实施， 促动了行政权力的正确行使。在此基础上，结合我国现实国情，提出了完善我 国行政问责制的两条路径：消除原有行政生态困扰，改善问责环境；加强法治 建设、弥补现有制度疏漏。 宪政；责任；行政问责制 ［关键词］ 4 宪政语境下的行政问责制研究 Abstract The essence of constitutionalism is the protection of the rights by Power control. With the development of the market economy, social problems are increasing, and the government is enlarging its function and authority. As a result, there are more and more serious irresponsible conducts by administrative officials, which severely affects civil rights. To solve these problems, we suggest these measures: establish the Administrative accountability; giving the public more right to speak; enforcing the role of national accountability subject; examining the duty of the irresponsible officials. All the measures are the actual exemplification and the important Component of the constitutional system. In this paper, which is based on the constitutionalism theory, the writer defined the Connotation of constitutionalism, explained the concept of the Administrative accountability, then demonstrated the relationsh