证人保护法研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 证人证言是诉讼中的重要证据形式之一，证人出庭作证是现代庭审制度的 基本要求，也是保障司法公正的关键。我国三大诉讼法有明确的规定，证人应 当出庭作证。但是在司法实践中，证人出庭率极低，证人拒证的现象普遍存在， 这严重影响了我国的审判方式改革。证人拒绝出庭作证有经济学、社会学、心 理学及现行法规不完善等诸多原因，然而对证人的保护存在不足无疑是其中最 主要的一个因素。但目前，学界对证人保护还没有足够的关注。 文章分为五个部分，第一部分立足我国现实，引出证人保护不力的问题， 并分析证人拒绝作证的原因，进而阐述对证人保护立法的必要性及价值进行理 论论证；第二部分着重考察域外证人保护制度，特别是美国，英国，德国，法 国等国立法和国际法，意图为我国证人保护制度的构建提供借鉴；第三部分分 析我国证人保护立法的优势和不足；第四部分探讨证人保护立法的相关难点， 第五部分尝试为建立我国证人保护法制定一个草案。 关键词：证人作证；证人保护；证人权利；证人保护法 1 Abstract Witness testimony is the most important evidence in litigation and witness presence in court is the basic request of modern hearing system and also the key to the judicial fair. The three procedural laws of our country contain explicit provision, the witness should appear at court to testify. But in the judicatory fulfillment, the rate of witness appearance at court is very low, and the phenomenon of the witness refusing to appear at court wide spreads, which seriously influence this judgment method reform. Witness refusing to appear at court to testify has several reasons, such as economics, sociology，psychology, and defects in current laws, however among them, poor protection of witness is a main factor. The academic circles don’t pay much attention to the witness protection. This essay can be divided into five parts. the first part bases itself upon our country reality, analyzes the reasons of witness refusing to appear at court, expounds and proves the necessity and value of witness protection; the second part investigates overseas witness protection system; the third part introduce our country legal system of the witness protection; the fourth part talk about some theory difficult points o