妊娠期糖尿病发病机制及对母婴的影响.pdfVIP

国际妇产科学杂志2011 年6 月第38 卷第3 期 J Int Obstet Gynecol June 2011 Vol. 38 No. 3 197 综 述 娠期糖尿病发病机制及对母婴的影响 吟 金花综述 许榕仙 审校 揖摘 要铱 年龄尧肥胖尧种族尧不良孕育史和糖尿病家族史是影响妊娠期糖尿病渊gestational diabetes mellitus GDM冤的主要因素遥 胰岛素抵抗是其主要发病机制遥 GDM 对母儿影响的严重程度与病情及血糖控制 情况密切相关 主要表现为妊娠期高血压尧羊水过多尧巨大儿尧早产尧难产及软产道损伤尧剖宫产等发生率明显 增高 还可增加围生儿发病率尧死亡率 甚至增加儿童期肥胖及代谢综合征尧母亲患糖尿病风险等遥 揖关键词铱 妊娠曰 胎儿曰 糖尿病曰 糖尿病 妊娠曰 妊娠并发症 Research on Pathogenesis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and its Influence on Maternal and Infant JIE Jin- hua X U Rong-xian. Fuj ian Health College , Fuzhou 350101, China渊JIE Jin-hua冤曰Departme nt of Nutrition and Health Care Medic ine, Sc hool of Public Health Fuj ian Medical Unive rs ity Fuzhou 350000 China渊X U Rong-xian 冤 Corresponding author 院XU Rong-xian E-mail 院rong6326@ 揖Abstract铱 Risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus 渊GDM冤include age obesity ethnicity adverse obstetrical and neonatal outcomes and family history of diabetes. Insulin resistance plays a main role in GDM. Impact of GDM on mothers and fetals is intimately related to levels of glycaemic control. Women with GDM are increased risk of pre -eclampsia polyhydramnios shoulder dystocia or cephalopelvic disproportion inj ury of birth canal caesarean delivery and diabetes after years while their infants tend to experience higher rates of macrosomia preterm birth morbidity and mortality. The offspring of these women are also at increased risk of obesity and metabolism syndrome in childhood. 揖Key words铱 Pregnancy 曰 Fetus 曰Diabetes mellitus 曰 Diabetes gestational 曰 Pregnancy complications 渊J Int Obstet Gynecol 2011, 38院197-200冤 妊娠期糖尿病 渊gestational diabetes mellitus 娠周数越小遥肥胖 特别是妊娠前肥胖是糖耐量减低 GDM冤 是妊娠期首次发现或发生的任何程度的葡萄 和妊娠期糖尿病独立的危险因素 最常