细菌气溶胶在大气冰核核化过程中作用的研究进展.pdfVIP

中国环境科学 2013,33(1) ：30~42 China Environmental Science 细菌气溶胶在大气冰核核化过程中作用的研究进展 * 杜 睿 ,王亚玲,梁宗敏 ( 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京 100049) 摘要：介绍了大气中细菌气溶胶的种类和浓度分布的变化特征,对冰核细菌促进冰核核化的分子生物学机制,影响成冰活性的因素以及冰 核在大气冰核核化过程中作用的研究进展等做了重点介绍,对冰核细菌的生物学、分子生物学和形态学及其实际应用等方面的研究进展也 做了讨论, 同时也指出了今后需要进一步研究的问题,尤其是生物冰核在云和降水中作用方面的问题. 关键词：细菌气溶胶；冰核细菌；冰核核化 中图分类号：X513 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2013)01-0030-13 * Progress of research on ice nucleation active bacterial aerosols’ role in atmospheric ice nucleation. DU Rui , WANG Ya-ling, LIANG Zong-min (College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China). China Environmental Science, 2013,33(1)：30~42 Abstract ：It was well known that ice nucleation is one of the most basic processes that lead to precipitation. This mini-review paper focused on respects of INA bacterial aerosols: concentration and dynamic macroscopically in atmosphere; molecular mechanic progresses, properties and factors of heterogeneous ice nucleation in lab and role on precipitation. However, there is no systemic and confirmed nucleation theory basing on characteristics of micro-physiology and/or physical chemistry of INA bacteria. Moreover it had been remained to research how deeply INA bacteria nucleating works on meteorologic process. Key words ：ice nucleation activity bacteria；bacterial aerosols ；ice nucleation 气溶胶作为影响气候变化的一个重要影响 的各种质粒(皮毛纤维、皮屑、表皮碎片、植物 - 因子,在 IPCC 第三次评估报告中着重指出: “气 碎片、蛋白质晶体等) 的统称[1 2] ,粒径范围从几 溶胶-云-气候的作用关系是我们当前尚未弄清 十 nm 到几个 mm.全球每年生物气溶胶(1μm) 的重要问题之一”. 由于气溶胶颗粒具有各种粒