Unit6 Infinitives Paralellism.ppt

不定式作宾语 1. 直接跟不定式作宾语的动词：afford, agree, aim, attempt, decide, desire, expect, manage, hope, pretend, happen, seem, offer, plan, promise, want, prefer等。 She preferred to stay behind. I decide to learn Japaness. 2. 后面可接不定式作宾语的动词短语：be about, be able, do one’s best, do what one can, make an/ every effort, make up one’s mind, set out, take the trouble, be willing to等。 We are not willing to wait any longer. He was about to leave when the phone rang. 不定式作状语 1. 不定式作状语表示目的、结果、原因，其作用相当于副词从句。 Tom came to see me yesterday. (目的) We jumped with joy to hear the good news. (原因) He woke up to find everyone gone. (结果) 2. 强调目的时，不定式可以用in order to/ so as to +动词原形。so as to 不可放于句首。 He got up early in order to/ so as to catch the first bus. In order to pick up the passengers, the taxi stopped. 不定式作状语 3. 在某些形容词后可接不定式作状语。这些形容词多表示情感、心理状态、性格特征等。 She was eager to see her friends. I was sorry to hear that your mother was ill. He was lucky to find such a fine job. You were foolish to treat her like that. 不定式作定语 1. 不定式可以用作后置定语修饰名词。不定式与所修饰的名词呈主谓或动宾关系。 We have a lot of things to do. It’s a difficult question to answer. 2. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。 There is nothing to worry about. The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. 不定式作定语 3. 不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。 He had no money and no place to live (in). We found a way to solve this problem (in). 4. 当不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但含义不同。 Have you anything to send? (to send的执行者是you) I am going to Beijing. Have you anything to be taken to your aunt there? (to be taken 的执行者是I) 不定式作宾语补足语 1. 许多动词可以跟一个有“名词（代词）+不定式”构成的复合宾语。常见动词：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, except, forbid, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, teach, tell, want, warn等。 The doctor persuaded him to give up smoking. Please remind me to water the flowers. 2. 有些动词可以跟带有to be 的复合宾语，如consider, suppose, believe, declare, discover, feel, find,