垫草丰富环境对生长猪生产性能、行为表达及神经内分泌影响.pdfVIP

2010 年家畜环境与生态学术研讨会论文集 垫草丰富环境对生长猪生产性能、行为表达及神经内分泌的影响 尹国安 包军 (黑龙江八一农垦大学，动物科技学院，大庆 163319) 【摘要】试验选用保育床饲养的74-78 日龄仔猪156 头（均为母猪），称重后随机进入本研究设计的 垫草丰富型生长育肥栏和对照贫瘠水泥地面圈，预试验 1 周后开始为期8 周的正试验，记录各窝采 食量。试验结束后称重。正试验期观察生长猪不同时段的行为表达。正式观察试验前一日和结束后 当日每圈随机挑选3 头猪采血，测定皮质醇和生长激素水平。结果表明：垫草圈对生长猪的生产性 能没有显著影响，但能降低皮质醇浓度，减少针对同伴和圈舍的探求行为，并增加生长猪活跃水平， 虽然其犬坐行为较多，但多数是犬坐时在啃咬稻草；贫瘠圈生长猪的俯卧和走动时间、站立、针对 同伴的探求和总的探求行为均随试验周增加而逐渐减少，而侧卧时间先减少后逐渐增加，转折点在 正试验第 5 周左右；贫瘠圈猪上午的侧卧和总的趴卧更多，俯卧、站立、犬坐、走动更少，总的活 动也更少，而垫草圈猪恰恰相反；两饲养环境的猪针对圈舍和针对同伴的探求发生频率都是下午较 高。由此可见，仅添加的少量稻草就能减少生长猪针对同伴和圈舍的行为并增加生长猪活跃水平， 减少应激，且不会对生产性能产生负面影响，但应根据猪的行为特点调整垫草添加量。 【关键词】生长猪；垫草；生产性能；行为；神经内分泌 Effect of strew-bedded pen on productivity, behaviour, and neuroendocrine of growing pigs Guoan Yin, Jun Bao (College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319) Abstract In this experiment ，156 piglets (female) at 74-78 days of age were selected from the same environment, and randomly moved to the straw-bedded pen or barren concrete pen after weighed. After a week‘s pre-experiment, there was a 8-week experiment. Feed intake and weight at the end were recorded. The behaviour of growing pigs was observed in two 1-hour periods. Three piglets per litter were randomly selected to measure cortisol and GH before and after the experiment. Results showed that, straw-bedded pen had no significant effect on productivity of growing pigs, but can lower cortisol concentration and reduce exploring behaviour directed to pen, and increase active level of growing pigs. Although sitting behaviour was more, most was biting straw when sitting; ventral lying, walking, standing, behaviour directed to penmates and exploring of growing pigs in