Prospects for laser spectroscopy, ion chemistry and mobility measurements of superheavy elements in buffer-gas traps》.pdf

JID:NUPHA AID:20393 /FLA [m1+; v1.211; Prn:14/08/2015; 9:02] P.1 (1-26) Available online at ScienceDirect Nuclear Physics A ••• (••••) •••–••• /locate/nuclphysa Prospects for laser spectroscopy, ion chemistry and mobility measurements of superheavy elements in buffer-gas traps H. Backe a,∗ , W. Lauth a , M. Block b,c,d , M. Laatiaoui d a Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany b GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany c Institut für Kernchemie, Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany d Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany Received 8 April 2015; received in revised form 29 June 2015; accepted 1 July 2015 Abstract Laser spectroscopic methods are reviewed which are of potential interest for the investigation of atomic and ionic level structures of superheavy elements. The latter are defined here as the trans-fermium elements with Z 100 for which no experimental atomic or ionic level structure information is known so far, and which cannot be bred in high flux nuclear power reactors via successive neutron capture. The principles of suitable laser spectroscopic methods are described, and illustrated by examples of real experiments. The addressed methods include single-ion spectroscopy in Paul traps, laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIF), radiation-detected optical pumping (RADOP), radioactive decay-detected resonance ionization spec- troscopy (RADRIS), and ion-guide-detected resonance ionization spectroscopy (IGRIS). With the exception