山东省典型农田土壤中重金属污染评价.docVIP

山东省典型农田土壤中重金属污染评价 　　摘要：以山东省基本农田土壤为研究对象，采用地积累指数法和潜在生态风险指数法分析了土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd的污染程度。由潜在生态风险指数可以看出山东省农田土壤重金属潜在生态风险级别褐土为B级，潜在生态危害程度中等；潮土为A级，潜在生态危害程度轻微；棕壤为B级，潜在生态危害程度中等。就单个元素来看，Cd元素的潜在生态危害程度最高，各元素的潜在生态危害程度为CdPbCuZn。由地累积指数法可以看出Pb的风险级别最大；其次是Cu元素；Cd、Zn的污染程度相比较而言较轻，风险级别低，各元素的污染程度和风险级别为PbCuCdZn。 　　关键词：土壤；重金属；污染评价；地积累指数法；潜在生态风险指数法 　　中图分类号：X53 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2014）13-3010-04 　　Assessing the Potential Ecological Risks of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soils in Shandong Province 　　YU Lei，LU Cheng-xiu，LIU Yu-zhen，LIU Fu，CHENG Jie-min 　　（College of Population Resources and Environment， Shandong Normal University， Jinan 250014， China） 　　Abstract： Using the basic farmland of Shandong Province served as object， the potential ecological risks of Cu and Zn， Pb， Cd in the soil was evaluated by using the index of potential ecological risk and the index of geoaccumulation.Results based on the index of potential ecological risk showed that the potential ecological risk of moisture soil was at B level， indicating that the ecological damage was moderate. The potential ecological risk of brunisolic soil were at A level， indicating that the ecological damage was not serious； while the potential ecological risk of brown earth was at B level， indicating that the ecological damage was moderate. The potential ecological risk degrees of heavy metals were ranked in order of CdPbCuZn. Results based on index of geoaccumulation showed that the potential ecological risks of heavy metals were ranked in order of PbCuZnCd. 　　Key words： soil； heavy metals； pollution assessment； index of geoaccumulation； index of potential ecologicalrisk 　　近年来，我国农业生产在快速发展的同时，农业生态环境也遭受着严重的污染和破坏[1]。调查表明，我国污灌区被重金属所污染的土地面积已达污灌区面积的64.8%，所以农村生态被称为“中国环保的短板”[2]，分析土壤重金属元素含量对研究人为活动对土壤质量的影响以及合理开发和利用土地资源具有重要意义[3]。根据农业部对全国污灌区进行的调查表明，在我国大约140万hm2的污水灌溉区中，已经遭受重金属污染的土地面积占到污水灌区面积的64.8%，具体为轻度污染的占46.7%，中度污染的占9.7%，而严重污染的占8.4%[4]。由农田土壤及作物的重金属污染所引起的潜在健康风险引起了国内外学者的广泛关注[5-7]。对重金属进行生态风险评价的方法很多，其中常用的有地积累指数法及潜在生态风险指数法等。地积累指数法主要对沉积物或土壤中的重金属污染