Reproductive Physiology tplagge生殖生理学tplagge.pptVIP

Reproductive Physiology Part 1 – The Basics of Reproductive Physiology Part 2 – Female Reproductive Physiology Part 3 – Male Reproductive Physiology Lecture Outline The Basics Gametogenesis Gender determination The Pituitary-Gonad Axis Female Reproductive Physiology Ovarian Cycle Uterine Cycle Hormonal control and changes Male Reproductive Physiology The BasicsGametogenesis Gametes are produced during Meiosis I II Meiosis function Production of 4 haploid (n) gametes from each diploid o?gonium (2n) or spermatogonium (2n) Differences between ♂ (male) and ♀ (female) gamete development ♂ continuous development production of sperm from onset of puberty until….? stem cells are retained Sperm are motile and contain very little cytoplasm ♀ the entire complement of dictyate primary oocytes are formed during development with 10-20 continuing development during each ovarian cycle Oocytes are surrounded by follicular cells – forms ovarian follicle stem cells are exhausted oocytes are among the largest cells and are non-motile The BasicsGametogenesis Sperm Production During development germ cells are produced Remain quiescent until puberty Actions of hormones from pituitary, sertoli cells and Leydig cells At puberty some spermatogonia will Undergo mitosis continuously Enter into meiosis This ensures a continuous supply of spermatogonia The BasicsGametogenesis Process of sperm production involves three stages Spermatocytogenesis produces secondary spermatocytes from spermatogoium Spermatidogenesis stage where meiosis I II occur results in spermatid formation Spermiogenesis final stage of sperm development spermatid becomes a motile spermatozoa during spermiation The BasicsGametogenesis Spermiation The spermatozoa that are formed are initially unable to move. The flagella must become motile Not used however until ejaculated Prior movement through the male reproductive tract is via peristalsis The BasicsGametogenesis Oogenesis Results in formation of secondary oocyte