用冠气温差指导冬小麦灌溉的指标研究.pdfVIP

第 10卷 第 2期 中 国生 态 农 业 学 报 VO1．10 NO．2 2 0 0 2年 6月 Chinese J ournal of Eco—Agriculture June， 2002 用冠气温差指导冬小麦灌溉的指标研究 张喜英 裴 冬 陈素英 (中国科学院石家庄农业现代化研究所 石家庄 050021) 摘 要 对6个不同灌水处理的冬小麦测定其冠气温差，计算水分胁迫指数，并建立水分胁迫指数与冬小麦产量 之间的关系结果表明，冠气温差与土壤含水量有良好的相关关系，冠气温差由正值变为负值相对应的lm土层土壤 含水量为田间持水量的60％左右，可作为灌水的下限指标。对充分供水的冬小麦，中午时段随大气饱和水汽压差 的增加，冠气温差的负值越大，具有良好的线性关系。据此建立了充分供水条件下冠气温差与饱和水汽压差的关 系方程，作为基线方程，计算不同灌水处理的冬小麦旺盛生长期间水分胁迫指数(CWSI)。水分胁迫指数与最终作 物经济产量的关系是一非线性关系，随水分胁迫指数的减少而产量增加，但当水分胁迫指数减少到一定程度时产 量达到最大，这时水分胁迫指数若再减少，产量反而降低。结果显示平均水分胁迫指数在0．1～0．2左右，是冬小 麦最优产量所允许的水分供应状态。 关键词 冠气温差 水分胁迫指数 冬小麦 Use of crop water stress index as indicators for scheduling irrigation in winter wheat，ZHANG Xi—Ying，PEI Dong， CHEN Su—Ying(Shijiazhuang Institute of Agricultural Modernization，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Shijiazhuang 050021)，CJEA，2002，10(2)：102～105 Abstract Canopy—ambient air temperature differences(Tc—Ta)for six irrigation treatments of winter wheat were moni— tored during booting to grain filling period at Luancheng Station from 2000 to 2001 season．The results showed that the midday Tc—Ta was closely related to soil moisture condition Soil moisture at 60％ of field capacity for the l m soil profile of winter wheat corresponded with the changing of Tc—Ta from positive to negative．For a non—water—stressed treat— ment，Tc—Ta was negatively related to the atmospheric vapor pressure difference(VPD)．A baseline equation of — Ta with vPD was established to calculate the Tc—Ta under non—water-stressed condition for the purpose of calculation of crop water stress index(CWSI)．The relation of average CWS1 with grain yield was non—linear．With the decrease in CWSI，grain yield increased．When CWS1 was at about 0．1～0．2，the grain yield of winter wheat reached the optimum． Th