福建锥栗产业可持续发展的问题与对策.pdfVIP

Jiangxi Forestry Science and Technology 第 42 卷第 6 期 2014 年 １2 月 Vol. 42, No. 6 Dec., 2014 收稿日期：2014 10 13 作者简介：范辉华，男，教授级高级工程师，从事森林培育与林木遗传育种研究。 E mail: jofhh@163.com 福建锥栗产业可持续发展的问题与对策 范辉华 (福建省林业科学研究院,福建 福州 350012) 摘 要：锥栗为福建中北部山区重要的特色经济林干果树种，人工栽培历史之悠久，面积和产量约占全国的 90%。 从 20世纪 80年代初至今，随着农村改革开放的深入，从林业“三定”、划分自留山、落实林业生产责任制到全面实施集 体林权制度改革，福建锥栗产业的发展经历了 1980年代的“恢复与缓慢增长”、1990年代的“规模快速扩张”和 21世纪 来的“逐步产业化”3个阶段，全省面积和产量由 4 000 hm 2 、1 000 t左右增加到 2010年的 7.2万 hm 2 、6.3万 t左右，2011 年起栽植面积开始出现萎缩，产量徘徊在 6.5万 t左右，笔者从了解掌握锥栗产业发展概况的基础上，分析锥栗产业可 持续发展存在的主要问题，提出促进锥栗产业可持续发展的对策。 关键词：锥栗产业；概况；可持续发展；问题；对策 分类号：S792.17：F326 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006 2505(2014)06 0044 04 Problems and Countermeasures on the Sustainable Development of Castanea henryi Industry FAN Hui-hua (Fujian Academy of Forestry Sciences, Fuzhou Fujian 350012, China) Abstract: Castanea henryi is a characteristic economic tree species for dried fruit in northern central Fujian with long historical cultivation and with area and yield accounting on 90% of China. From early 1980S to present, with deep rural reform, from forestry“Three fixed”, the division for private farmed hilly land, implement the responsibility system for forestry production to full implementation of the collective forest right system reform, in Fujian the industrial development of C. henryi went through three stages of“recovery and slow growth” in 1980s,“rapid expansion scale” in 1990s, the gradual industrialization in 21 century. In Fujian, its total area and yield increased from 4 000 hm 2 , 1,000 tons to 72 000 hm 2 , 60 000 tons in 2010. Its area decreased and its yield was hesitated around 65 000 tons in 2011. The general situation of industrial development of C. henryi was summarized, the problems for the industrial sustainable development were analyzed, and the countermeasures for the industrial sustainable development were proposed. Key words: industry of Castanea henryi; general situation; sustainable development; problem; countermeasure 锥栗 （ Castanea henryi ） 为壳斗科 （ Fagac