BOLD Noise Assumptions in fMRI英文文献资料.docVIP

BOLD Noise Assumptions in fMRI英文文献资料.doc

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BOLD Noise Assumptions in fMRI英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation InternationalJournalofBiomedicalImaging Volume2006,ArticleID12014,Pages1–11 DOI10.1155/IJBI/2006/12014 BOLDNoiseAssumptionsinfMRI AlleMeijeWink1andJosB.T.M.Roerdink2,3 1 BrainMappingUnit,DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCambridge,Addenbrooke’sHospital,HillsRoad, CambridgeCB22QQ,UK 2 3 InstituteforMathematicsandComputingScience,UniversityofGroningen,P.O.Box800,9700AVGroningen,TheNetherlands InstituteforBehavioralandCognitiveNeurosciencesandBCNNeuroimagingCenter,UniversityofGroningen,TheNetherlands Received30January2006;Revised13June2006;Accepted17June2006 ThispaperdiscussestheassumptionofGaussiannoiseintheblood-oxygenation-dependent(BOLD)contrastforfunctionalMRI (fMRI).Inprinciple,magnitudesinMRIimagesfollowaRicedistribution.Westartbyreviewingdi?erencesbetweenRicianand Gaussiannoise.Ananalyticexpressionisderivedforthenull(resting-state)distributionofthedi?erencebetweentwoRician distributedimages.Thisdistributionisshowntobesymmetric,andanexactexpressionforitsstandarddeviationisderived.This distributioncanbewellapproximatedbyaGaussian,withveryhighprecisionforhighSNR,andhighprecisionforlowerSNR. TestsonsimulatedandrealMRimagesshowthatsubtractingthetime-seriesmeaninfMRIyieldsasymmetricallydistributed temporalnoise.Subtractingaresting-statetimeseriesfromthe?rstresultsinsymmetricandnearlyGaussiannoise.Thishas importantconsequencesforfMRIanalysesusingstandardstatisticaltests. Copyright?2006A.M.WinkandJ.B.T.M.Roerdink.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommons AttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkis properlycited. 1. INTRODUCTION thenoise,soforlowsignalintensitiesandwithalowsignal- to-noiseratio(SNR),RiciannoiseandGaussiannoisebehave verydi?erentlyandtheRiciandistributionhastobetaken intoaccountinordertopreventbiasedstatisticalresults. ThisproblemisimportantforfMRI,becausethescans mayhaverelativelylowSNRs,andthevaluesoftheBOLD contrastareverysmallcompare

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