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BOLD Noise Assumptions in fMRI英文文献资料
HindawiPublishingCorporation
InternationalJournalofBiomedicalImaging
Volume2006,ArticleID12014,Pages1–11
DOI10.1155/IJBI/2006/12014
BOLDNoiseAssumptionsinfMRI
AlleMeijeWink1andJosB.T.M.Roerdink2,3
1
BrainMappingUnit,DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCambridge,Addenbrooke’sHospital,HillsRoad,
CambridgeCB22QQ,UK
2
3
InstituteforMathematicsandComputingScience,UniversityofGroningen,P.O.Box800,9700AVGroningen,TheNetherlands
InstituteforBehavioralandCognitiveNeurosciencesandBCNNeuroimagingCenter,UniversityofGroningen,TheNetherlands
Received30January2006;Revised13June2006;Accepted17June2006
ThispaperdiscussestheassumptionofGaussiannoiseintheblood-oxygenation-dependent(BOLD)contrastforfunctionalMRI
(fMRI).Inprinciple,magnitudesinMRIimagesfollowaRicedistribution.Westartbyreviewingdi?erencesbetweenRicianand
Gaussiannoise.Ananalyticexpressionisderivedforthenull(resting-state)distributionofthedi?erencebetweentwoRician
distributedimages.Thisdistributionisshowntobesymmetric,andanexactexpressionforitsstandarddeviationisderived.This
distributioncanbewellapproximatedbyaGaussian,withveryhighprecisionforhighSNR,andhighprecisionforlowerSNR.
TestsonsimulatedandrealMRimagesshowthatsubtractingthetime-seriesmeaninfMRIyieldsasymmetricallydistributed
temporalnoise.Subtractingaresting-statetimeseriesfromthe?rstresultsinsymmetricandnearlyGaussiannoise.Thishas
importantconsequencesforfMRIanalysesusingstandardstatisticaltests.
Copyright?2006A.M.WinkandJ.B.T.M.Roerdink.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommons
AttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkis
properlycited.
1.
INTRODUCTION
thenoise,soforlowsignalintensitiesandwithalowsignal-
to-noiseratio(SNR),RiciannoiseandGaussiannoisebehave
verydi?erentlyandtheRiciandistributionhastobetaken
intoaccountinordertopreventbiasedstatisticalresults.
ThisproblemisimportantforfMRI,becausethescans
mayhaverelativelylowSNRs,andthevaluesoftheBOLD
contrastareverysmallcompare
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