Bovine trypanosomosis A threat to cattle production in Chena district, southwest Ethiopia英文文献资料.docVIP

Vol.2, No.4, 287-291 (2012) Open Journal of Animal Sciences /10.4236/ojas.2012.24039 Bovine trypanosomosis: A threat to cattle production in Chena district, Southwest Ethiopia Bizuayehu Alemayehu 1 , Basaznew Bogale 1 , Tewodros Fentahun 2 , Mersha Chanie 1 1 Departement of Veterinary Paraclinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; kcchou@ 2 Departement of Basic Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia Received 21 August 2012; revised 23 September 2012; accepted 30 September 2012 1. INTRODUCTION ABSTRACT Domestic livestock in Africa are important as a source of protein (milk and meat) to humans, animal traction, income (hides) and investment (social security) and ma- nure for enhancing agricultural (crop) production [1]. Bovine trypanosomosis, an important protozoan disease caused by the genus Trypanosoma is transmitted through bites by different species of Glossina and mechanically by a number of biting flies such as Tabanus and Sto- moxys spp. [2]. Tsetse transmitted African typanosomosis is found between latitude 14?N and 29?S covering across over 37 countries in Africa [3]. It is estimated that 60 million people and 48 million cattle are at risk of con- tracting African trypanosomiases [4]. Bovine trypanosomosis and its vectors (Glossina spe- cies) occur in vast areas of the sub-Saharan Africa with devastating impact on livestock productivity posing a serious threat to the lives and livelihood of entire com- munities and constitute the greatest single constraint to livestock and crop production thereby directly contribut- ing to hunger, poverty, protein malnutrition and suffering of entire communities in Africa [5]. Africa trypanosomiasis is responsible for 3 million livestock and 55,000 people death annually in agriculture and mixed farming [3,6]. Africa looses over 3 million cattle a