Response to genomic selection The Bulmer effect and the potential of genomic selection when the number of phenotypic records is limiting 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Response to genomic selection The Bulmer effect and the potential of genomic selection when the number of phenotypic records is limiting 英文参考文献.doc

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Response to genomic selection The Bulmer effect and the potential of genomic selection when the number of phenotypic records is limiting 英文参考文献

VanGrevenhofetal.GeneticsSelectionEvolution2012,44 :26 /content/44/1/26 Genetics Selection Evolution RESEARCH OpenAccess Responsetogenomicselection:TheBulmereffect andthepotentialofgenomicselectionwhenthe numberofphenotypicrecordsislimiting ElizabethMVanGrevenhof,JohanAMVanArendonkandPiterBijma* Abstract Background:Overthelasttenyears,genomicselectionhasdevelopedenormously.Simulationsandresultsonreal datasuggestthatbreedingvaluescanbepredictedwithhighaccuracyusinggeneticmarkersalone.However,to reachhighaccuracies,largereferencepopulationsareneeded.Inmanylivestockpopulationsorevenspecies,such populationscannotbeestablishedwhentraitsaredifficultorexpensivetorecord,orwhenthepopulationsizeis small.Thevalueofgenomicselectionisthenquestionable. Methods:Inthisstudy,wecomparetraditionalbreedingschemesbasedonownperformanceorprogeny informationtogenomicselectionschemes,forwhichthenumberofphenotypicrecordsislimiting.Deterministic simulationswereperformedusingselectionindextheory.Ourfocuswasontheequilibriumresponseobtainedafter afewgenerationsofselection.Therefore,wefirstinvestigatedthemagnitudeoftheBulmereffectwithgenomic selection. Results:ResultsshowedthatthereductioninresponseduetotheBulmereffectisthesameforgenomicselection asforselectionbasedontraditionalBLUPestimatedbreedingvalues,andisindependentoftheaccuracyof selection.Thereductioninresponsewithgenomicselectionisgreaterthanwithselectionbaseddirectlyon phenotypeswithouttheuseofpedigreeinformation,suchasmassselection.Tomaximizetheaccuracyofgenomic estimatedbreedingvalueswhenthenumberofphenotypicrecordsislimiting,thesameindividualsshouldbe phenotypedandgenotyped,ratherthangenotypingparentsandphenotypingtheirprogeny.Whenthegeneration intervalcannotbereducedwithgenomicselection,largereferencepopulationsarerequiredtoobtainasimilar responsetothatwithselectionbasedonBLUPestimatedbreedingvaluesbasedonownperformanceorprogeny information.However,whenagenomicselectionschemehasamoderatedecreaseingenerationinterval,relatively smal