Sleep Improves Memory The Effect of Sleep on Long Term Memory in Early Adolescence 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Sleep Improves Memory The Effect of Sleep on Long Term Memory in Early Adolescence 英文参考文献.doc

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Sleep Improves Memory The Effect of Sleep on Long Term Memory in Early Adolescence 英文参考文献

SleepImprovesMemory:TheEffectofSleeponLong TermMemoryinEarlyAdolescence KatyaTrudeauPotkin1*,WilliamE.Bunney,Jr.2* 1DepartmentofHumanBiology,BrownUniversity,Providence,RhodeIsland,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofPsychiatryandHumanBehavior,Universityof CaliforniaIrvine,Irvine,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Sleepplaysanimportantroleintheconsolidationofmemory.Thishasbeenmostclearlyshowninadultsforprocedural memory (i.e. skills and procedures) and declarative memory (e.g. recall of facts). The effects of sleep and memory are relatively unstudied in adolescents. Declarative memory is important in school performance and consequent social functioninginadolescents.Thisisthefirststudytospecificallyexaminetheeffectsofnormalsleeponauditorydeclarative memoryinanearlyadolescentsample.Giventhatthemajorityofadolescentsdonotobtaintherecommendedamountof sleep,itiscriticaltostudythecognitiveeffectsofnormalsleep.Fortymaleandfemalenormal,healthyadolescentsbetween theagesoftenandfourteenyearsoldwererandomlyassignedtosleepandnosleepconditions.Subjectsweretrainedon apaired-associatedeclarativememorytaskandacontrolworkingmemorytaskat9am,andtestedatnight(12hourslater) withoutsleep.Thesamenumberofsubjectswastrainedat9pmandtested9amfollowingsleep.Anincreaseof20.6%in declarativememory,asmeasuredbythenumbercorrectinapaired-associatetest,followingsleepwasobservedcompared tothegroupwhichwastestedatthesametimeintervalwithoutsleep(p,0.03).Theperformanceonthecontrolworking memorytaskthatinvolvedencodingandmemorandamanipulationwasnotaffectedbytimeofdayorrelationshiptosleep. Declarativememoryissignificantlyimprovedbysleepinasampleofnormaladolescents. Citation: Potkin KT, BunneyWE Jr (2012) Sleep Improves Memory: The Effect of Sleep on Long Term Memory in Early Adolescence. PLoS ONE 7(8): e42191. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042191 Editor:AntonioVerdejoGarc?′a,UniversityofGranada,Spain ReceivedFebruary10,2012;AcceptedJuly4,2012;PublishedAugust7,2012 Copyright:?2012Potkin,BunneyJr.Thisisano