水位下降与地裂缝活动关系的现场试验研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 近年来，地裂缝与地面沉降作为一种城市地质灾害，由于城市用水的激增，其危害 性逐步增大，已为城市建设带来了巨大的经济损失。其中，以西安市最为显著。通过不 断的深入调查研究，基本形成一个共识，西安地裂缝是由构造因素控制的，而近年来地 裂缝活动加剧主要是由于超采地下水导致的，但关于超采地下水如何影响地裂缝活动以 及地裂缝超常活动如何影响地下水运移仍未有定论。 本文在整理西安地铁1-5 号线工可阶段勘察资料的基础上，对西安不同地裂缝以及 不同地貌单元地裂缝的两盘水位差异现象进行了总结，根据统计发现两盘水位整体趋势 为上盘水位高于下盘，且由东南向西北随地貌单元变化，两盘水位差异逐渐减小。结合 劳动路跨地裂缝水文地质抽水试验成果资料，首先对西安地裂缝的涌水量进行了统计， 发现下盘稳定后抽水流量是上盘的 3 倍还多；其次，采用裘布依公式、k00 法以及水位 恢复法三种方法计算渗透系数，同时采用稳定的 S-lnr 曲线图解法计算影响半径，通过 它们的差异性提出了地裂缝具有隔水与透水两面性观点；最后，通过潜水等水位线框图、 水质分析以及沉降观测等值线图的比较，再次验证了以上观点，说明了地裂缝活动会影 响潜水水位运移。 文章最后采用Geo-Studio 数值模拟软件对抽水对地裂缝活动的影响进行了模拟，验 证了抽水引起的地层差异沉降压密机理；再采用Geo-Studio 数值模拟软件模拟了有无地 裂缝情况下地下水的运移情况，对地裂缝具有隔水与透水的两面性进行了验证。 关键词：西安地裂缝，抽水试验，数值模拟，差异压密沉降，地下水运移，两面性 i Abstract In recent years, ground fissures and land subsidence as a city of geological disasters have brought huge economic losses to the construction of the city and the harmfulness is increasing step by step due to the proliferation of urban water, which Xi’an is the most remarkable city. Where a basic consensus through in-depth investigation and study formed: Xian ground fiss -ure is controlled by structural factors, while recently, ground fissure activity increased was mainly caused by the exploitation of groundwater, but the how over-exploited groundwater affect ground fissure activity and how the groundwater movement affected by ground fissure paranormal activity are still inconclusive. This article summary the water level difference phenomenon between two walls among dif -ferent ground fissures and different geomorphic units in Xian and analyzed the reasons based on the geotechnical investigation data of Xian 1-5 Metro Line and the pumping test data of la -bor across the Laodong road ground fissures test. Firstly, compiling statistics of the water infl -ow of Xian ground fissures and analyze the difference between upper