日本护理保险制度改革及启示.pdfVIP

管理改革部论 医学与哲学{人文社会~学版)2010 年 8 月 2自 3J fI;#l 8 期总第 410 期 日本护理保险制度改革及启示 谢保群① 摘要:随着寿命延长和疾病构成向慢性及遂行性疾病转变，老年护理问题成为人口老铃化国家共同面临的严峻课题。日 本通过实施护理保险制度改革成功构筑了社会全体支撑的护理保障体系，椎进了医疗·保健·褐利服务的整合。分析日 本护理保险制度的现状、改革椅施Ã成果，在此基础上提出对构建我凶老年护理保障体系的启示。 关键诩:护理保险制度，老年护理，启示 中图分类号:R197 文献栋i只码 :A 文章编寄:1002 …0772(2010)08一0047 一03 Japan刷Public-care Insurance System Refonn and 阳 Enlightenment X 1 E Ba叫削1. Deþartment 01 Medícal Humani- ties , Tiαnjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China Abstract: As the lifespan extending , chronic and degenerative diseases have constituted the main ones among various dísea- ses as well , the pubíc-care of the aged has become a very serious subject confronted by the countries with the problems of the agíng of the population. ]apan has successfulJy established the public-care insurance system supported by all the lev- els of society through carrying out the reforms on public- care insurance system , which greatly promotes the integration of medical care , health care and welfare services. The thesis will analyze the status of the Japanese publíc- care insurance system , the reform measures taken and the achievements ,based on that ,the enlightenment on how to establish the public- care insurance systern in China will be put forward. Key Words:the publíc-care insurance system , the pubíc-care of the aged , enlightenment 日本是亚洲最早步入老龄化社会的国家，也是目前批界上 利设施、给予收容保护的设施护理为主。 20 世纪 80 年代设施护 人口老龄化程度和平均寿命最高的国家。在日本人口老龄化的 理受到来自通常化(normalization) 理念的批判，而且由于一般阶 发展进程中，需要善护理的老人逐年增多，老年护理成为严重的社 层的老人开始姿求提供