非谓语动词20140528.pptVIP

to do除谓语外，可担当句子的任何成分 下列句型中常用动名词作主语: 1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如： …… manage, promise, pretend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help(帮助)，want(想要) ,refuse等。 3.有些动词如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别(但ing分词一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为)。 I like __________ very much, but I dont like _________ this afternoon. 　　 A. swimming, swimming??? ?B. to swim, to swim C. swimming, to swim?? ? ?D. to swim, swimming 4.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别。 go on /stop/remember/regret/can’t help/try/forget/mean/ * 主语 宾语 表语 定语 宾补 状语 动名词 doing V V V V 过去分词 done V V V V 不定式 to do V V V V V V 现在分词doing V V V V 功能 例句 1 主语 To see is to believe. 2 宾语 I want to ask him a question. V+to do 3 表语 To see is to believe. 4 宾补 The teacher told us to do exercises. V+sb+to do 5 定语 They have no house to live in. （to do作定语置于名词、代词后---定语后置） 6 状语 They were very sad to hear the news. 功能 例句 1 主语 Seeing is believeing. 2 宾语 She likes drawing very much. 3 表语 Seeing is believeing. 4 宾补 / 5 定语 The sleeping child is only five years old. 6 状语 / 动名词V-ing，主、宾、表、定 现在分词V-ing，表正在进行的动作 功能 例句 1 主语 / 2 宾语 / 3 表语 My hobby is collecting stamps. 4 宾补 We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. 5 定语 Do you know the man standing at the gate? 6 状语 When crossing the street, you must be careful. 动名词V-ing与现在分词V-ing做定语的区别： 动名词与所修饰的名词无逻辑上的主谓关系，多表示名词的用途、功能 现在分词与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系，前者是后者发出的动作 动名词 V-ing+sth 现在分词 V-ing+sb sleeping car 卧铺车厢 sleeping child 酣睡的孩子 working method 工作方法 working people 劳动人民 singing practice 歌咏练习 singing girl 歌女 过去分词done，表、宾、定、补 功能 例句 1 主语 / 2 宾语 / 3 表语 We were disappointed at the result of the football. 4 宾补 I once heard the song sung in German. 5 定语 He is a man loved by all. 6 状语 Born into a poor family,he had only two yesrs of schooling. 主语区别 不定时to do 动名词V-ing 1 某一具体的动作 比较抽象的行为 2 置于句末，用it作形式主语放在句首 位于句首 1). It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ___D___the answers ready will be