浅析陕西凤翔彩绘泥塑的艺术特征及其内涵.docVIP

浅析陕西凤翔彩绘泥塑的艺术特征及其内涵 　　 　　 Starting from analyzing the special cultural and geological environment that nurture Fengxiang colored clay sculpture, this essay focuses on its origin and artistic features and concludes that the unique artistic attraction exemplified in Fengxiang colored clay sculpture originates in the homogeneous culture and the strong ethnic spirit. It involves many aspects, including totem worship, religious belief, philosophic ideas, moral and aesthetics. Though it is rather symbolic, as often seen in folk culture, it is more of a cultural reflection, an insistent pursuit for the good and the beautiful, and at the same time a direct expression that lays emphasis on ethical and moral standards, the importance of human and humanity. Since such symbolic and parabolic expression has been part of ordinary peoples spiritual life, either consciously or unconsciously, the artisans are able to pay attention to the emotional communication between human beings and the artifacts, and hence create works of strong feelings. 　　 Deeply rooted in traditional culture, Fengxiang colored clay sculpture reflects social values and social life, but it is by no means a purely objective and mechanic refection of nature, instead, it is the sublime abstraction of nature. As a result, it is both highly functional and aesthetic. Hopefully it can bring the beneficiary something more valuable and more realistic-incere blessings and hopes. 　　 Key words: Fengxiang colored clay sculpture; homogeneous culture; ethnic spirit 　　 　　2003年元月，陕西凤翔民间艺人胡新民的彩绘泥塑作品《羊》在继2002年同村老艺人胡深的彩塑《马》之后，又一次被国家邮政局选为该年的生肖邮票的主图案，同时，它也以“憨态可掬，喜气吉祥”之评语，摘取中国羊年吉祥物的桂冠，这不仅在当地引起震动，在我国美术界和设计界及商界也引起广泛关注，其产品远销世界各地。 　　彩绘泥塑是中国最古老的民间艺术之一，它在我国民族美术史上和民族关系史上都有着重要意义。本文就凤翔彩绘泥塑的独特艺术性做一分析，探索在其形式背后的社会文化与民族审美特征，找出其创作规律，以启迪我们今天的文化艺术传承、再造与创新。 　　 　　 一、 凤翔与彩绘泥塑的起源 　　 　　法国哲学家丹纳说：要了解一件艺术品、一个艺术家、宗派有家族，必须把隐藏在他们背后的时代精神与社会风俗揭示出来。就艺术特征或差异性而言，它在很大程度上应取决于区域文化传统与环境。“这是艺术品的最后解释，也是决定一切的基本原因。” 　　凤翔，古称雍，是周秦文化的发祥地，（周文王在这里使中国的民族文化得到发展，使八卦得到光