Task 6终结版.doc

Task 6练习题 Task 6-1 Now listen to a part of a talk in a psychology class. Today, class, we are going to discuss what is called the interference theory. This theory has to do with memory. What it states is that when we forget it’s not because the memories are actually lost from our memory storage, but well, because other information gets in the way of what we want to remember. Within this theory there are two different types of interference: proactive interference and retroactive interference. I’m going to give an example of each. First, let me explain proactive interference. This happens, uh…when something we’ve already learned gets in the way of something we are trying to learn later. The old memories interfere with the new memories. For example, you had a really good friend in your first year of university, but then that friend moved away. Then a couple of years later you constantly call your best friend by the name of your old university friend. Because of the similar feeling for both friends, the name of the old friend keeps coming to your mind. The second type of interference, retroactive, occurs when something more recently learned gets in the way of remembering past information. The old and the new information overlap and get in the way of each other. Um…to illustrate, imagine that you buy a new red car, however you’ve had several cars previously. When you are talking about cars with friends and try to describe cars you’ve in the past, you can’t remember what color they were. You can only think of red, the color of your new car. In other words, the more recent learning interferes with the recall of earlier learning. (271 words) Question: Using points and examples from the lecture, explain the two types of interference. TASK 6-2 Now listen to part of a talk in a biology class. Bees communicate that they have discovered pollen so that other bees can bring nectar back to the hive. The ways in which bees communicate are not completely understood. There are two ma