井下低压电网综合保护技术分析-analysis of comprehensive protection technology for underground low voltage power grid.docxVIP

摘要随着煤矿现代化程度的不断提高和井下供电距离的增加，对煤矿井下供电系统可靠 性、安全性和连续性的要求也越来越高。由于煤矿井下环境比较恶劣，低压电网经常会 出现漏电、短路等各种故障，而传统的低压馈电开关保护电路过于复杂，插件较多，满 足不了安全供电的要求。采用可靠的综合保护装置对于提高配电网的供电质量和可靠性 有着非常重要的作用。通过在井下各变电站安装保护装置，当出现漏电等事故时，可以 快速的切断故障线路的供电，减少由于漏电引起的各种事故。本文结合目前保护装置的发展现状，设计了以 P89C51RD 单片机为控制核心，能够 实现电网的各种保护、报警、显示与控制等功能的电路。论文首先介绍了井下低压电网保护技术的现状和发展趋势，其次分析了井下电网中 可能发生的各种故障，如漏电、过载和欠压过压等，并给出各种故障相应的保护原理。 在第三章中对数据采集的算法进行了研究，采用了模拟比较器算法。最后给出了保护装 置的整体设计方案，包括硬件框架结构和软件设计流程图。硬件系统包括模拟信号输入 电路、数据采样电路、电源电路和系统复位电路、CAN 总线、MAX485 串行通信、数字 信号输入输出等主要功能模块的设计。基于模拟比较器算法采集电路，具有电路简单， 成本低廉的优点。根据矿井电网的实际工作环境，分析了各种干扰源及所产生的干扰信 号特征，针对不同特征的干扰信号，制定了相应的硬件防治措施。系统软件设计借鉴面 向对象的思想，采用模块化设计方法，将整个软件按照功能划分为初始化、自检测、数 据采集和处理、故障检测和处理和 MAX485 通信等几个相对独立的模块，针对部分模块 ， 详细给出其软件设计思想及设计流程。使得整个程序设计调用灵活，调试方便。关键字：低压电网，模拟比较器，单相漏电，模块化ABSTRACKWith the continuous improvement of mine modernization and the distance of underground power supply, the higher reliability, security and continuity of the mine Underground Power Supply System are demanded. It is because of the terrible condition in underground faces that the electrical faults occur frequently in underground distribution networks, such as creepage, short circuit and so on. However, traditional feeder switchgear cannot satisfy the requirements of safety and reliability in power supply system due to complicated protective circuits and various pluggable units. Using the reliable automated intelligence synthesized protective device play an important role regarding to enhance the power supply quality and the reliability of the power supply network. Through installing protective device in mine power transformer substations, we can dump the faulty line and reduce the each kind of accident caused by creepage when appears accident like creepage and so on.Based on the status of current feeder switch protector, we design a kind of feeder switch comprehensive motor protector circuit, which use P89C51RD as control core and include many kinds of Protection functions, such as warning, play and control circuit in this thesis.