搏斗论胡风文艺思想的实践品质-on the practical quality of hu fengs literary thought in struggle.docxVIP

摘要胡风是中国现代文学史上的一位非常富有独立意识的文艺理论家和批评家。胡风文艺 思想的精髓是“主观战斗精神”，强调主体发挥自己的全部的心理功能，对创作客体进行 体验、渗透、选择，形成“相生相克”的“化合反应”。胡风的现实主义理论的形成，是他对“鲁迅精神”的继承和发扬，凭借对厨川白村、 高尔基等人的文艺观的借鉴，对当时左翼文艺实践而展开的深入思考的结果，并通过与周 扬为代表的左翼主流派的论争、对林语堂等非主流派的批评、具体指导七月派文艺批评实 践证明而确立的。搏斗的文艺批评实践品质使胡风文艺思想呈现出主体与个体、社会学与美学、主体性 与思想启蒙相统一的总体风貌。胡风的文艺理论的建构路向并不是条分缕析的逻辑推演， 而是富于个人色彩，充满战斗力量和诗情的批评实践。胡风通过对建国以来的文艺实践情况的考察，发现了以《讲话》为中心的党化文艺观 所存在的问题，反思了作协这种文学组织形式使文学偏离主体，走向政治神话。胡风与《讲 话》精神的相悖，最终造成了胡风悲剧。 关键词：胡风；文艺思想；文艺批评实践；“搏斗”AbstractHu Feng is a literary and artistic theorist and critic with very independent consciousness in modern Chinese literature. The essence of Hu’s literary and artistic thought is the “active fighting spirit,” which emphasizes that the subject should fully develop his mental function and the capacity of “chemical reaction” with mutualpromotion and constraint through experiencing, penetrating and selecting the sources of his creation. As a continuation and development of Lu Xun’s spirit and a reference to Kuriyagawa Hakuson’s and Gorky’s views on literature and art, Hu’s realist theory is a profound reflection on the left-wing literary and artistic practices. Its establishment also results from the debate with mainstream left-wings represented by Zhou Yang, the criticism of non-mainstream writers like Lin Yutang, and the specific instruction for the July literary and artistic criticism and action. The fighting spirit in literary and artistic criticism and action enables Hu’s thought to exhibit the unifications between subject and object, sociology and aesthetics, and subjectivity and enlightenment. Rather than a detailed analysis oflogical deduction, his theoretical construction is unique, full of fighting power and poetics. Through the examination of the literary and artistic practices since the establishment of PRC, Hu finds out the problems of partisanship characteristic in literary and artistic views centered on ThhhheeeeSSSSpepepepeeeeecccchhhhanananandddd ccccrrrriiiittttiiiicccciiiizzzzeeeessss tttthhhheeee lllli