固体酸碱催化剂制备 表征及其在两步法制备生物柴油中应用-preparation and characterization of solid acid-base catalyst and its application in two-step preparation of biodiesel.docx

Na3PO4/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by impregnation of Na3PO4 on γ-Al2O3 carrier.It was investigated of the effects of Na3PO4 amount on catalyst, calcination temperature and calcination time on catalyst activity and studied of catalyst structure and active species change under different prepared conditions; Na3PO4/γ-Al2O3 was used to catalyze the transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol, biodiesel yield was curbed by reaction temperature, catalyst loading and methanol to oil molar ratio; Catalyst activity was lost gradually during recycled uses, the deactivation mechanism was proposed and regeneration method was developed by XRF and so on. Catalyst activity was influenced by alkaline strength, alkaline amount, pore size and crystal water on Na3PO4. Biodiesel yield can exceed 95% under optimum reaction conditions. Na2HPO4 and NaH2PO4 formed during repeated uses, so catalyst was deactivated, Na2HPO4 and NaH2PO4 can be changed back into Na3PO4 after wash by base and the activity was restored.Zr(SO4)2-Kieselguhr solid acid was prepared by supporting Zr(SO4)2·4H2O on Kieselguhr.2-Preparation conditions such as Zr(SO4)2 amount on catalyst, calcination temperature and calcination time tuned structure and active species of the catalyst, and so had an influence on catalyst activity; Zr(SO4)2-Kieselguhr catalyst was used in the esterification of oleic acid with methanol, effects of reaction temperature, catalyst loading and methanol to oleic acid molar ratio on methyl oleate yield were studied; Catalyst activity decrease during recycled uses was observed, the deactivation reason was explored and the regeneration method was built by XRF and so on. Acid strength and amount, pore size and crystal water on Zr(SO4)2 had large effects on esterification; methyl oleate yield can reach to 95.2% under optimum reaction conditions; SO4 was lost after repeated uses and so the activity was also lost, activity can be restored by SO42- repregnation.2-Biodiesel was p