海洋特别保护区渔业管理问题—马鞍列岛海洋特别保护区实证分析-fisheries management issues in marine special protection areas - an empirical analysis of ma anshan archipelago marine special protection areas.docxVIP

上海海洋大学硕士学位论文上海海洋大学硕士学位论文IIII到恢复资源量的作用。马鞍列岛海洋特别保护区的管理进程不断在加快，与此同时，产生的管理问题也越来越多，使得管理在一定程度上遇到很大的障碍。文章 从以下几个方面讨论了管理上存在的问题：(1)渔民方面，主要是以违法捕鱼为主； (2)政府方面，包括宣传、渔民补贴和法律法规建设；(3)公共参与方面，主要是岛 礁承包的法律问题和岛礁管理的矛盾冲突问题； (4)旅游业和休闲渔业方面，有环 境压力和资源压力两个方面。在海洋特别保护区的发展突飞猛进的同时，我们看到的却只是这些海洋特别 保护区的建立，而建立之后的管理工作并未得到很好的落实，海洋特别保护区的 重建设轻管理的问题在我国海洋管理上逐渐成为一个大问题。为了落实我国海洋 特别保护区的后期管理工作，结合马鞍列岛海洋特别保护区的实证研究，本文就 海洋特别保护区中渔业管理的措施提出下列建议：在管理制度上切实保障综合管理和功能区划制度的施行；在管理内容上要坚持资源与环境的开发以“在保护中 开发，在开发中保护”为指导方针；在管理方式上需发展多种管理方式并存，特 别是要从公共意识、法律条文、管理权利和协调工作方面落实公共参与。本文从海洋特别保护区、渔业管理、公共参与三个角度分析海洋特别保护区 在渔业管理上应用。海洋特别保护区作为一种渔业管理的辅助手段，能够缓解渔 业面临的巨大压力，从而实现海洋开发利用的可持续发展。关键字：海洋特别保护区，马鞍列岛，岛礁资源，渔业管理IIIIIISpecial Marine reserves of fisheries management issues:Ma’an Archipelago special Marine reserves empirical researchABSTRACTThe utilization and protection of marine resources have already been the international hot social concern and to develop and protect the Marine resources reasonably have been the country strategic policy in many coastal countries. And Special Marine Reserves have been one kind of Marine development based on sustainable development and consideration to the Marine resources development and utilization and protection of Marine environment. Therefore, how to strengthen the marine resources’ reasonable exploitation and protection has developed into the question about how to strengthen the management of the Special Marine Reserves. As a kind of Ecosystem-based fisheries management, Marine Protect Areas(MPAs) has been recognised and supported by the international society. Special Marine reserves as a kind of Marine Protect Areas which allows to fish while is not against the purpose of protection, and it is also advantageous to observe the operation of the reserves. The U.S. and New Zealand are best countries who has used the MPAs in fisheries management. Especially in New Zealand, it has formed a mature set of management system and measures, the objects of protection have been include from b