一场可以避免战争.docVIP

一场可以避免战争 　　【摘要】本篇论文从各超级大国在朝鲜战争中行为的五个层面来分析它们之间的猜疑和误算，即美国高估了斯大林对战争的热衷、斯大林错误估计朝鲜半岛危机中美国的反应、美国低估了中国人民保卫祖国的决心、美国作出越过三八线这一错误决定以及其对中苏关系的误解。 　　【关键词】朝鲜战争 猜疑 误算 可避免的 　　 　　An Avoidable War 　　------An analysis of distrust and miscalculation between the superpowers in the korean war 　　Liu Kehong 　　【Abstract】This paper will analyze the distrust and miscalculation between the superpowers in the Korean War. It will provide five aspects of the superpowers’ conduct of the war. At each level, issues such as America’s overestimation about Stalin’s enthusiam of the war, Stalin’s miscalculations of American’s response of the peninsula crisis, Amrica’s underestimation of Chinese determination to safeguard their mother country, U.S.’s decision to advance beyond the 38th parallel, America’s misunderstanding of the Sino-Soviet relationship will be considered. 　　【Keywords】Korean War Distrust Miscalculation Avoidable 　　 　　 　　1．Introduction 　　Korean War, one of the most destructive conflicts in the 20th century, has left a number of myths to us. Some people say it is a meaningless war, for it ended without a formal peace. The territorial settlement was much the same as at the beginning. But the dams lay gaping; the fertile land was drowned; the hills were seared and blasted; and the corpses piled up, parching under the sunshine. Was the war avoidable? Who was to blame? Was China’s sacrifice worthwhile? Whenever talking about this war, I cannot help thinking about the said questions. It is very hard to say which side should be responsible for starting the war. But one thing is for certain. The Korean War was largely based on the distrust and miscalculation between the superpowers. 　　 　　2．America’s overestimation about Stalin’s enthusiam of the war 　　One of the most important theories behind the USA and Soviet Union’s involvement in the Korean War must be the balance of power. After the Second World War, the USA and the Soviet Union were the two remaining truly great powers. Their interest began