亲师关系与儿童社会适应的相关研究——以上海幼儿园为例-research on the relationship between parents and teachers and childrens social adaptation - a case study of shanghai kindergarten.docx

最后，基于上海市幼儿园亲师关系的现状，对提升教师和家长的亲师关系提出策略性建议。即教师应分职前教育和职后培训的两条路径。针对在校大学生，为提高其亲师认知水平，建议当前的学前教育本科课程设置应增设“以儿童发展为中心的家庭——幼儿园系统知识模块”。为增加其亲师情感体验深度，构建一套实训模拟体系，从中让学习者加深情感体验。为促进学习者亲师行为实践能力，尝试搭建包括幼儿园和志愿者家庭两种类型的优质实习基地。学前教师的职后培训，应有高校等专业机构设计，并且就教师的实际特点有针对性的进行。对家长亲师关系的提升可以尝试从高校和幼儿园两条途径出发。由高校直接设计“第三方干预方案”，通过社区或幼儿园间接帮助现有家庭，也可以在全国所有高校推广家庭教育相关课程，让未来的家庭主力军打好亲师关系的基础。通过幼儿园途径则可由园方设计引导，构建家长和教师建立和维系亲师关系的平台。亦可尝试学前教师进行家庭教育指导，通过提高教师专业水平和可信任度来提升亲师关系。目前国外对学前儿童阶段的亲师关系测量工具研究较少，国内更是空白，且国内对亲师关系与学前儿童社会适应的相关研究亦较少。本研究通过编制亲师关系问卷得以弥补亲师关系测量工具缺乏的不足，并通过现状调查和相关研究，努力提高社会对亲师关系的认识和重视程度，同时尝试提出提升亲师关系的建议，为进一步深入地实践研究奠定基础。关键词：亲师关系；儿童社会适应；问卷编制；相关研究VAbstractParent-teacherrelationships(PTR)areacooperativeandharmonioushumanrelationsestablishedthroughsocialinteractioninwhichparentsandteachersworktogethertowardsasharedgoalofstudentdevelopment.ThepurposeofestablishingPTRistoprovideanequalandcooperativecollaborationbetweenparentsandteacherstohelpchildrendevelopment.Numerousstudies,whichhavedemonstratedthatthePTRinfluencethequalityofchilddevelopment,havebeenreceivingagrowingattentionfromresearchers.Basedontherelativeresearches,athomeorabroad,thisstudyexaminedthePTRofpre-schoolchildren.Firstofall,theresearchdesignedquestionnairemeasuringthequalityofPTR.Concerningthecharacteristicsoftheinteractionbetweenteachersandparents,theresearchemployedmultiplemethodologiesincludingdocumentationresearches,interviews,andquestionnaires.Avariousofpsychologicalmeasurementtheoriesandtechniques,suchasClassicalTestTheoryandstructuralequationmodeling,wereappliedinthisstudy.Takingintoaccountthedifferentperceptionofteachersandparents,thequestionnairesweredesignedinparenteditionandteacheredition..Eachversioncontains20items,includingtheparent-teachercognitivedimension,parent-teacheremotionaldimension,andparent-teacherconductdimension.ThereliabilitiesandvaliditiesshowthatbothquestionnairescanbeusedaseffectiveassessmenttoolstomeasurethequalityofPTR.Furthermore,theresearchinvestigatedthePTRinShanghaikindergartens.AcorrelationbetweenthePTRandthechildrenssocia