上海城市社区自治的困境与对策研究——以徐汇区为例-research on the dilemma and countermeasures of shanghais urban community autonomy - taking xuhui district as an example.docxVIP

现了一些新的问题。本文通过分析上海市徐汇区社区自治现状，从而提出目前上海社区自治存在的三大困境，即政府职能转变不到位与社区管理需求之间的矛盾、居委会作为居民利益代言人与政府行政执行人身份的矛盾、社区服务的大量需求与社会中介组织发展缓慢的矛盾。并运用社会学理论分析产生困境的原因，主要是社区自治制度供给不足、政府职能转变不彻底、社区参与机制不完善、居委会自治组织存在缺陷、社会中介组织发育不良等五个成因。针对问题和成因，本文认为，健全社区自治制度是发展城市社区自治的前提；理顺政府职能，规范政府权力的运作体制是社区自治发展的基础；发展和完善社区参与机制，是培育公民意识，扩大社区参与的保障；通过改革居委会自治组织，培育社会中介组织为社区自治提供强有力的组织支持。关键词：城市社区居委会社区自治THERESEARCHOFTHEPREDICAMENTSANDCOUNTERMEASURESOFSHANGHAIURBANCOMMUNITYAUTONOMY——TAKINGXUHUIDISTRICTASANEXAMPLEABSTRACTSincethereformandopeningup,withthegradualdisintegrationoftheGovernment-unitsocialsystem,unitmembersbegantochangeassocialmembers.Socialmembers’dependenceonunitshasdeclineddramatically,whiletheirdependenceonthecommunitiesgraduallyincreases.Butintheprocessofsocialtransformation,therearesomenewsituationsandproblems,suchasthefailureoftraditionalall-roundpoliticalsystem,shortofthesocialwelfare,lowcommunityrecognitionrate,lackofenthusiasmtoparticipate.Theseproblemsarenotonlyobstaclestothehealthydevelopmentofoursociety,butalsobecomerisksandchallengesfortheGovernmentofdifferentlevels.Thereformofurbancommunitymanagementsystemisimperative.Againstthisbackground,theconstructionofcommunityautonomycameintobeing.Communityautonomyispromotedbythegovernmenttoadapttochangesinthesystemofgovernmentandmarketeconomyintransition.Thecoreideaofcommunityautonomyistostraightenouttherelationshipsbetweengovernment,marketandthecommunity.Throughthetransformationofgovernmentfunctions,thedevelopmentofsocialintermediaryorganizationsandthereformofcommunityorganization,aformofnewsocialmanagementsystemtoachieveself-administration,self-service,self-supervisionwillbemadeup.Theoryofthethirdsectorandthetheoryofcivilsocietyprovidetheoreticalreferenceforourcommunityautonomytheories.IntheabsorptionofmodernWesterntheoriesofcommunitymanagement,china’sscholarscarryoutresearchandpracticeactively.Shanghaiasaninternationalmoderncity,theresearchandpracticeofcommunityautonomyisinthefirstclassalloverthecountry.Throughgovernment-ledtwolevelsofgovernment,three-levelso