上游建筑对街道峡谷内流场和污染物分布特征影响-influence of upstream buildings on flow field and pollutant distribution characteristics in street canyon.docxVIP

存在，将会过高估计行列式街谷内污染程度；在错列式街谷中，与街谷建筑并列的上游阻挡建筑会减小街谷内污染物浓度，而与街谷建筑错列布置的阻挡建筑会增大街谷内污染物浓度；数值模拟结果还表明，街谷内污染物的扩散和清除效果受气流速度和涡流特性的共同作用；此外当背景风速增加时，行列式街谷内的气流速度场和污染物浓度分布形态基本不变，变化的只是相应的速度和污染物浓度的大小，而错列式街谷内部的气流速度场分布形态不变，大小改变，浓度场的形态和大小都发生改变。关键词：上游建筑，行列式街谷，错列式街谷，气流速度场，污染物浓度场IIImpactsofUpstreamBuildingsontheFlowFieldsandPollutantDistributionsinStreetCanyons*ABSTRACTLocalairenvironmentinbuildingclustersnotonlyhasdirectlyeffectsonthehealthoftheresidentswholiveinthedistrictandpedestrians,butalsohassignificantimpactsonurbanairenvironment.Withtherapidincreaseofthecitysvehiclefleet,thepollutantemissionfromvehicleshasbecomeoneofthemainfactorsaffectingtheurbanairenvironment.Becauseofthebuildinglayoutsinurbanareashavedirecteffectsontheatmosphericdispersionofpollutants,itisimportanttostudytheairflowfieldsandpollutantdistributionsinstreetcanyonsforpredictingchangesinurbanairenvironmentandprovidingsomeavailableinformationforurbanplanning.Basedonthepreviousstudies,numericalsimulationshavebeenconductedforexploringtheenvironmentofstreetcanyonswithdifferentbuildinglayoutsbyemployingCFDtechniques.Underthesamebackgroundwindspeed,andaccordingtothenumericalsimulations,theairflowvelocityandthediffusionofpollutantswereanalyzedfordifferentpositions,differentdirections,anddifferentheight.Moreover,sameanalysesanddiscussionsweremadeunderdifferentbackgroundwindspeeds.Thenumericalresultsshowedthattheupstreambuildingschangethelocalwindspeedanddistortthesecondaryflowsinthecanyonsandthushavesignificanteffectsontheflowandconcentrationfields.Intheregularstreetcanyons,theaveragepollutantconcentrationscouldbereducedregardlessoflayoutoftheupstreambuildings.Theaverageconcentrationwouldbeoverestimatedbynumericalsimulationswithoutconsideringtheexistenceoftheupstreambuildingsinpractice.Insidethestaggeredstreetcanyons,whenupstreambuildingsarealignedwithstreetcanyons,thepollutantconcentrationsinthestreetcanyoncouldbereducedbytheblockingeffect.Incontrast,whentheupstreambuildingsarestaggeredwiththecanyons,theconcentrationscouldbein