我国优秀女子垒球运动员击球节奏特征分析-analysis of the rhythm characteristics of chinese elite women softball players in hitting the ball.docxVIP
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我国优秀女子垒球运动员击球节奏特征分析-analysis of the rhythm characteristics of chinese elite women softball players in hitting the ball
摘要本文主要对垒球击球动作节奏进行研究,探寻垒球击球的节奏特点,并探索促进和提高运动员击球节奏的训练方法、手段,为建立和培养运动员良好的击球节奏提供实际训练中的帮助。希望本研究对于提高我国垒球的击球技术水平,解决我国垒球存在的实际问题能有所帮助。本研究选取了广东、河南、辽宁三支国内高水平垒球队的10名专业运动员为研究对象,采用高速摄像机以100帧/秒的拍摄频率对她们比赛中的击球动作进行拍摄,利用视讯录像解析系统对视频进行解析,得出了各运动员伸踏、引体、击球三个阶段的时间参数,并结合运动生物力学原理,分析了运动员击球挥击动作的运动学参数的特征。通过研究得到以下结论:一、垒球击球运动员的动作节奏特点是:伸踏阶段的时间占总时间的比例最大,变化的幅度最大的,击球时主要在该阶段对击球动作进行调整;引体阶段的时间占总时间的比例最小,变化幅度很小;挥棒击球阶段的时间略高于引体阶段,变化幅度也非常小。二、本研究中,优秀运动员成功的击打动作三个阶段的节奏(时间)特征大致为:5:1:2,即伸踏阶段的时间大致为击球阶段时间的2.5倍,引体阶段的时间大致为击球阶段的1/2。三、优秀组运动员的击球节奏特点是:伸踏阶段的时间占总时间的比例最高,变化幅度最大;引体阶段的时间占总时间的比例最小,时间变化幅度很小,动作时间非常稳定;挥棒击球阶段的时间占总时间的比例略大于引体阶段,时间变化幅度很小。四、一般组的运动员在击球节奏方面与优秀组的运动员存在较大差异,有些运动员没有明显的节奏变化,有些运动员虽然主要的节奏调整在伸踏阶段,但引体阶段的变化过大,引体阶段的动作不稳定。关键词:垒球;击球节奏ABSTRACTThispaperfocusesontherhythmofswingsoftball,softballbattingrhythmtoexplorethecharacteristicsandtoexploretopromoteandimprovethetrainingofathleteshittingtherhythmmethod,means,andtotrainathletesfortheestablishmentofgoodshotsinrhythmtohelpprovidepracticaltraining.Hopethatthisresearchforimprovingthetechnicallevelofbaseballbatting,tosolvethepracticalproblemsofbaseballcanbehelped.ThisstudyselectedinGuangdong,Henan,Liaoning,threedomestichigh-levelsoftballteamof10professionalathletesastheresearchobject,theuseofhigh-speedcameraat100frames/secondcapturerateontheirgameswingintheshooting,theuseofvideoanalysissystemforvideoanalysis,obtainedextensionoftheathletesriding,chin,hittingthreestagesofthetimeparametersandcombinetheprinciplesofbiomechanics,analysisoftheathletehittheballswingKinematicParametersofthefeatures.Throughresearchthefollowingconclusions:First,thesoftballplayershitrhythmactionfeatures:extendedperiodoftimeridingthelargestproportionoftotaltime,thefluctuationsarethelargest,shotshitthemainstageofactionintheadjustment;pullphaseofthesmallestproportionoftotaltime,littlechange;bathittheballslightlyhigherthanthepullphaseofthetimeperiod,thechangerateisverysmall.Second,thisstudy,thesuccessofeliteathletesbeattherhythmofthreestagesofaction(time)characteristicsofroughly:2.5:0.5:1,thatis,thetimepe
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