铜锌锡硫czts纳米材料及薄膜溶液法制备及其光伏性质探索-preparation of cu - zn - sn - s czts nano-materials and thin film solution method and exploration of their photovoltaic properties.docxVIP

AbstractCopperindiumgalliumselenide(CIGS)solarcellhasmadesignificantprogessasanimportantthinfilmsolarcell.Earthabundantkesteriteopperzinctinsulfide(CZTS)semiconductorhaslotsofsimilaritiestoCIGSinitscrystalstructureandoptoelectronicproperties.CZTSsemiconductorshaveanopticalbandgapof1.5eV,whichisclosertotheoptimalopticalbandgapintheoryforphotovoltaicdevices.Moreover,itscompositionalelementhaslesstoxicitythanCIGSsemiconductors.Asaresult,CZTSwillbeaverypromisingalternativetoCIGS.Ifsuccess,therequirementsofrareandexpensiveindiumindevelopinghighefficiencycanbeavoided,toxicitycanbereduced,andlowcostandmoreenvironmental-friendlysolarcellscanbeexpected.AimingatthecurrentfabricationsituationofCZTSsolarcells,thisthesisfocusesonsolution-processedfabricationofCZTSsolarcells,whichcanbebedividedintothefollowingtwoparts.Firstly,wesynthesizedCZTSparticlesusingsolvothermalmethodandhotinjectionmethodrespectively.Then,thetwosampleswerecharacterizedincrystalstructure,morphologyandparticlesize.Theresultsshowedthattheparticlessynthesizedusingthesolvothermalmethodalwayshaveamicrometerscalesizeandthemorphologyisnoteasytocontrol,whichwillbeanadversefactorinthefabricationofCZTSthinfilms;whilebyhotinjectionmethodsnanometerscaleandrelativeuniformmorphologyofCZTSparticlescanbeobtainedwithhighquality.Moreover,focusingonthenontoxicsynthesisofCZTSnanoparticlesusinghotinjectionmethods,asafeandnontoxicsolventpolyethyleneglycol(PEG)wasfirstlyusedtosubstituteoleylaminewhichwasusedinmanyliteratures.Secondly,basedontheabovenanoparticlesbyhotinjectionwithnontoxicsolvent,“ink”ofCZTSnanoparticlewaspreparedbydispersingthePEGbasednanoparticlesintorelativesolvent.Then,CZTSthinfilmswerepreparedbytwomethodsofspincoatingandelectrospraymethods.Theexperimentshowedthattheelectrosparyedfilmwasmoreuniformanddenseandthefilmthicknesscanbeeasilycontrolledcomparedtospincoatedones.Inordertofurtherverifythephotoactivepropertiesofthematerial,thephotoconductivetestwasperformedontheelectrosprayedCZTSthinfilmsandasimplehybridhe