不同灌溉方式枣树林地节水效率及土壤水分下渗模型的研究-森林生态专业论文.docxVIP

III III moisture content at the end of the water after a few days ago has kept above 0.26, and the red daub for keeping moisture effect is quite obvious. Basin irrigation mode of surface soil harden phenomenon, is not conducive to root growth and development. During the flood irrigation, When the quantity of water supply increasing 40 m3 per acreage, the irrigation cycle would increasing 2~4 d, corresponding. During the furrow irrigation, When the quantity of water supply increasing 40 m3 per acreage, the irrigation cycle would increasing 4~6 d, corresponding. With the quantity of water supply increasing, the consumption water of jujube tree was increase. But the consumption of flood irrigation was higher than that of furrow irrigation. With increasing of tree diameter, its water consumption was increase. During the quantity of water supply increasing the ΔH should not increase in flood irrigation, and ΔH should decrease when the quantity of water supply was 60 m3 per acreage respectively. This showed that a lot of moisture due to gravity the role of water is not retained within the soil level, but to the deep infiltration. By contrast furrow irrigation to water infiltration rate and the fully saturated soil moisture content is more outstanding. Key words: flood irrigation; furrow irrigation; rate of the water down permeation; depth of water contained soil; irrigation cycle 目 录 摘要 I Abstract II 一 文献综述 1 1.1 土壤水分研究综述 1 1.2 节水农业的研究进展 3 1.3 关于土壤水分入渗的研究 6 二 引言 9 2.1 研究目的和意义 9 2.2 研究内容 10 2.3 技术路线图 11 三 研究区概况与试验方法 12 3.1 试验区概况 12 3.2 试验样地的布置 12 3.2.1 样株的选择 12 3.2.2 样地的布置 12 3.2.3 探头的布设 13 3.2.4 观测架的设置 13 3.3.1 土壤基本理化性质测定 14 3.2.2 灌溉方式与不同灌水量的确定 15 3.2.3 枣树耗水量的统计 15 3.3.3 数据的采集与处理 16 3.4 试验仪器 16 四 结果与分析 17 4.1 枣树林地土壤基本理化性质 17 4.2 不同灌水量下土壤的湿润区间 17 4.2.1 漫灌方式不同灌水量的湿润区间 17 4.1.2 沟灌方式不同灌水量的湿润区间 20 4.1.3 漫灌和沟灌方式下不同深度土壤含水量 22 4.2 土壤水分散失过程的分析 24 4.2.1 漫灌方式下不同径级枣树样地水分散失过程 24 4.2.3 沟灌方式下不同径级枣树样地水分散失过程 29 4.3 不同灌水方式土壤水分散失速率对比 34 4.4 不同漫灌方式灌水周期的确定 36 4.4.1 漫灌方式灌水周期的确定 36 4.4.2 沟灌方式灌水