不同配方水溶肥对山药及土壤肥力的影响研究-植物学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 中文摘要 山药作为一种药食同源的蔬菜，具有极高的药用价值和食用价 值。本研究以山药为材料，以不施肥为对照，研究 5 种不同水溶肥配 方对山药生长指标、品质、产量、养分指标及其土壤肥力的影响，筛 选出适合于山药生长的水溶肥配方，以提高山药的品质和产量。结果 表明： （1）5 种不同配方水溶肥与对照相比对山药单株块茎重、块茎长和 块茎粗均有不同程度增加，配方 2 增幅最为显著，分别比对照增加 42.86%、12.56%、12%。 （2）五种配方水溶肥处理的山药产量均高于对照组处理，且以配方 2 处理为最高，平均亩产 2474.57kg，山药的经济价值极高。 （3）五种配方水溶肥处理对山药含水量、淀粉及总糖等品质指标有 一定影响，其中淀粉含量以对照最高，其次是配方 2，各处理之间差 异不显著，总糖含量以配方 2 最高，比对照增加 10.64%，差异不显 著。 （4）五种配方水溶肥处理对山药养分含量指标的影响中，磷、钾含 量以配方 4 最高，氮和铜含量以对照最高，锌含量以配方 2 最高，锰 含量以配方 1 最高，铁含量以配方 3 最高，这说明各水溶肥配方分 别对山药的某个养分指标有一定影响，但是效果不明显。 （5）不同水溶肥配方对土壤肥力有一定影响，综合各个土壤养 II II 分指标，配方 2 能够提高土壤肥力。 （6）综上所述，山药施用水溶肥以配方 2 最佳。 关键词：山药；水溶肥；品质；土壤肥力 PAGE PAGE IV ABSTRACT Yam has high medicinal value and edible value as a kind of medicine food homologous vegetables. The effect of five formula of water soluble fertilizer on growth, yield, and nutrient index of Yam and soil fertility were studied with Yam as an example in this study, tap water as control, in order to selected the formulations which are suitable for Yam and improve the quality and yield of yam. The results showed: Compared with CK, the tuber weight, long and thick of per plant Yam under the treatment of five water soluble fertilizer formulations increased to different extent. Formula 2 was increased most significantly, by 42.86%, 12.56% and 42.86% respectively than CK. The yield of yam under the treatment of five water soluble fertilizer formulations were higher than CK , formula 2 as the highest, on average 2474.57 kg per mu. Yam have high economic value. Five water soluble fertilizer formulations have a certain influence on quality indexes of water content, starch and total sugar in yam.The starch content of CK in yam was the highest, followed by the formula 2. No significant difference between the treatments.The highest total sugar content in yam is formula 2, increased by 10.64% than CK.The difference between them was not significant. Five water soluble fertilizer formulations have a certain influence on nutrient content.The highest content of