急性酒精中毒患者内科急救及并发症预防措施探讨.docVIP

急性酒精中毒患者内科急救及并发症预防措施探讨 　　[摘要] 目的 探讨急性酒精中毒患者的内科急救及并发症的预防措施。方法 便利选取2015年2月―2016年2月于该院进行救治的急性酒精中毒患者80例，给予内科急救，观察急救效果。随机分为对照组和观察组，分别给予常规护理预防和分级护理预防，预防措施治疗，对并发症情况进行对比分析。结果 80例患者均在12 h内神志恢复，且于痊愈后出院。观察组护理后出现1例上消化道出血并发症。对照组出现2例急性胃炎，4例上消化道出血，1例心率失常。两组相比差异有统计学意义（P0.05）。结论 对于急性酒精中毒患者内科急救与并发症预防措施，采用分级护理方法能够有效减少并发症情况发生，同时应注意促进酒精代谢、减少酒精吸入和促进意识恢复。 　　[关键词] 急性酒精中毒；急救；预防；并发症 　　[中图分类号] R781.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2017）03（b）-0093-03 　　[Abstract] Objective To study the medical emergency of patients with acute alcoholism and preventive measures of complications. Methods 80 cases of patients with acute alcoholism in our hospital from February 2015 to February 2016 were conveniently selected and were given the medical emergency， the emergency effect was observed and the patients were randomly divided into two groups， respectively given the routine nursing prevention and grading nursing prevention， and the complications were compared and analyzed. Results 80 cases of patients were recovered in 12 h and discharged after cure， after nursing， there was 1 case with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the observation group， and in the control group， there were 2 cases with acute gastritis， 4 cases with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and 1 case with arrhythmia， and the difference between groups had statistical significance（P0.05）. Conclusion The grading nursing method for patients with acute alcoholism can effectively decrease the occurrence of complications， at the same time， we should also pay attention to the promotion of alcohol metabolizing， decrease of alcohol inhalation and promotion of awareness recovery. 　　[Key words] Acute alcoholism； Emergency； Prevention； Complication 　　酒精中毒是急诊内科最常见疾病之一，通常由于过量饮酒导致中枢神经系统抑制状态。急性酒精中毒在临床上多分为三期，即兴奋期、共济失调期和昏迷期。急性酒精中毒能够引起的并发症包括电解质紊乱、酸碱平衡失调、低血糖症、急性肌病、脑出血、心肌梗死等。中重度酒精中毒可出现昏迷甚至死亡。严重威胁患者生命健康。因此，尽快进行及时的内科急救对于急性酒精中毒患者挽救生命具有极其重要的意义。为了探讨急性酒精中毒患者的内科急救及并发症的预防措施，该研究便利选取2015年2月―2016年2月于该院进行救治的急性酒精中毒患者80例作出回顾性分析，现报道如下。 　　1 资料与方法 　　1.1 一般资料 　　便利选取于该院进行救