有氧体能对执行功能影响一项fNIRS研究.docVIP

有氧体能对执行功能影响一项fNIRS研究 　　摘要：为了探讨有氧体能对大学生执行功能的影响，检验在执行心理任务过程中有氧体能所引起的神经激活水平的变化。通过行为测量和近红外光谱功能成像（fNIRS）方法探讨高、低有氧体能的30名大学生在Flanker任务过程中的行为表现和脑区激活模式的差异。得出结果：高体能组Flanker效应的反应时显著低于低体能组（t（28）=-2.31，P0.05）。在左侧前额叶皮质区（LDLPFC），高体能组Flanker效应的oxyHb信号显著高于低体能组（t（28）=5.19，P0.001）。结论：Flanker任务过程中LDLPFC的神经激活和行为操作表现与有氧体能有关，且有氧体能引起脑区oxyHb信号与认知表现的同步变化。研究结果为有氧体能对执行功能相关的神经基质和行为表现产生影响提供了实验证据。 　　关键词： 有氧体能；大学生；执行功能；脑激活模式；近红外光谱 　　中图分类号： G 804文章编号：1009783X（2016献标志码： A 　　Abstract：Objective：The present study was to explore the effect of the aerobic fitness on the executive function （EF） of college students and its brain activation mechanism.Methods：The study examined the effect of aerobic fitness on the behavior performance and the brain activation pattern during the Flanker task of 30 college students （ high fitness and low fitness group） using the behavior experiments and the non-invasive functional near infrared spectroscopy （fNIRS） methods which is to identify the potential neural substrates activated by Flanker interference.Results：The Flanker interference of reaction time（RT） of the high fitness group was significant lower than the low fitness group（t（28）=-2.31，P0.05）.And the oxyHb single in the left prefrontal cortex （LDLPFC） of the high fitness group was significant higher than the low fitness group （t（28）=5.19，P0.001）.Conclusions：The EF behavior performance and the brain activation level of the young man during the Flanker task were significant effected by the aerobic fitness simultaneously.And the differences of the brain activation and the improved behavior performance of two groups were coincided.The experiment results provided new evidences to the effect of the aerobic fitness on EF of the young. 　　Keywords：aerobic fitness；college student；executive function；brain activation pattern；fNIRS 　　有氧体能（aerobic fitness，或 endurance fitness）是指尽可能长时间地维持肌肉力量或速度输出的能力[1]，也有研究称之为心血管适能（cardiovascular fitness）[2]。众多研究表明定期的身体活动和良好的有氧体能有益于增进不同年龄段人群执行功能和脑健康。相比有氧体能低的儿童，有氧体能高者表现出更高的注意能力[3]、