电子储存环束流损失测量系统的研制-核技术及应用专业论文.docx

摘 摘 要 I I 摘 要 合肥光源是以真空紫外和软 X 射线为主的第二代专用同步辐射光源，属于 低能光源，其储存环的电子能量设计值为 800MeV。束流能量是储存环十分重要 的一个参数，必须精确测量，合肥电子储存环准备采用精确度更高的自旋共振退 极化法来测量能量。本文就是立足于此课题，介绍了自旋共振退极化法的基本原 理和实验方法，理论模拟了储存环中电子与真空室的相互作用，研制了一套用于 实验的束流损失探测系统，为下一步能量的精确测量做好了准备。 电子储存环中的同步辐射效应会使电子的自旋方向趋于一致，最终导致束流 建立起自发极化。而极化的束流在一定频率的外场作用下同样可以退极化，退极 化后束流参数的一个显著变化就是寿命变短，即束流损失变大。已知，引起束流 共振退极化的外场频率与束流能量存在着特定的函数关系式，因此可以利用这一 原理来间接测量储存环的能量：即通过观察束流损失的变化确定退极化的共振 点，由此点的频率根据公式反推出能量的数值。由此可见，建立起一套精确的束 流损失测量系统，对于实验的成功至关重要。 因此，论文在引入自旋极化和束流寿命相关概念的基础上，根据自旋共振退 极化方法的实验需要，采用模特卡罗软件 EGSnrc 模拟得到了真空室外的次级粒 子分布情况，并建立起了一套由塑料闪烁体探测器、光电倍增管和数字化的信号 处理电路所组成的束流损失测量系统。经过实验验证，该系统能够灵敏地测量和 反映束流损失的变化，可以用于自旋共振退极化实验。 合肥国家同步辐射实验室是国内首家尝试用自旋共振退极化法测能量的单 位，因此该课题具有一定的创新性和研究意义。此外，本论文工作在研究束流寿 命、辐射防护、光源故障的检测等方面也都有一定的参考价值。 关键词：极化 电子自旋 束流寿命 自旋共振退极化 EGSnrc 束流损失探 测系统 Abstract Abstract II II ABSTRACT HLS is the second-generation special synchrotron radiation light source which based on vacuum ultraviolet and soft X-ray. HLS is low-energy light source, and the designed energy of the electron storage ring is 800MeV. Beam energy is a very important parameter in electron storage ring, so it is should to be measured accurately. We prepare to adopt the spin resonance depolarization method to measure energy in Hefei electron storage ring. This article is based on this topic. It introduced the basic principle and experimental methods of the spin resonance depolarization, theoretical simulationed the interaction between the electron and vacuum chamber in storage ring, developed a set of beam loss detection system to be used in experiment, and prepared for the accurate measurement of energy in future. In electron storage ring, synchrotron radiation effects would make the orientation of electron spin toward consistent and eventually leading to the spontaneous polarization of the beam to be established. The polarized beam can also be depolarization on an external field of certain frequency. After depolarization, beam life will become shorter, so the beam loss will also become larger.