上海市某社区小学生营养知识态度和行为现况分析.docVIP

上海市某社区小学生营养知识态度和行为现况分析 　　摘 要 目的：了解浦东新区东明街道小学生相关营养知识和行为现状，为小学生营养干预提供依据与参考。方法：2014年3月至2014年4月采用整群抽样方法随机抽取浦东新区2所学校的3年级部分班级学生，进行营养知识问卷调查。采用卡方检验与Mann-Whitney秩和检验比较组间差异。结果：该社区学龄儿童超重和（或）肥胖率总计为14.0%（28/200），对“能量占营养素参考值（NRV）超过20%算过高”的知晓率仅为8.0%（16/200），但对零食相关知识感兴趣，很想知晓哪些零食是健康的，超重和（或）肥胖儿童愿意通过加强锻炼和饮食控制体质量。学生1周在校日在外就晚餐次数较多，且次数≥2的男生明显多于女生比31.3%（31/99），差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.37， P=0.025）。调查对象优先选择零食的前3位是冰淇淋（占15.0%）、牛奶或酸奶（占14.5%）、加糖果汁（11.0%）。男生平均每周摄取甜饮料量的中位数为500 ml，明显高于女生的250 ml，差异有统计学意义（Z=-2.70， P=0.007）。结论：应通过学校宣传、老师宣教、家长引导等全方面提高儿童的合理营养意识，养成良好生活习惯。 　　关键词 营养 知识 态度 行为 小学生 　　中图分类号：R174 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2015）14-0056-04 　　Analysis on the status quo of the nutritional knowledge， attitude and behavior of the 　　pupils in a community in Shanghai 　　KUANG Tingting1， YANG Laibao2， YANG Xi1（1.Dongming Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District， Shanghai 200123， China； 2. Center of Disease Control and 　　Prevention of Pudong New District， Shanghai 200136， China） 　　ABSTRACT Objective： To understand the situation of the nutritional knowledge and behavior of the pupils in Dongming Community of Pudong New District in order to provide a basis and reference for the pupil’s nutritional intervention. Methods： The pupils were selected from some classes of grade 3 in 2 schools in Pudong New District by cluster sampling from March to April 2014 for the investigation of the nutritional knowledge with a questionnaire and their differences between groups were compared with chi square test and Mann-Whitney rank sum test. Results： The overweight and obesity rate of the schoolaged children in this community was 14% （28/200） in total. The awareness rate that the energy accounting for the nutrient reference value （NRV） more than 20% was considered too high was 8.0% （16/200）. The pupils were willing to know about the knowledge of the related snacks and would like to know what snacks were healthy. The overweight and obesity pupils were willing to control their weight through strengthening the exerc