搬迁农药厂地下水污染调查和健康评价.docVIP

搬迁农药厂地下水污染调查和健康评价 　　摘 要：为评估苏南某搬迁农药厂地下水污染现状和风险，采用USEPA污染场地环境健康评价方法，采样、检测、分析、评价了该厂区地下水对人体暴露所存在的健康风险。结果表明：该厂区地下水确定的目标污染物为2，4-二氯苯酚、2，6-二氯苯酚、2，4，6-三氯苯酚、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯，其中2，4，6-三氯苯酚为致癌物；厂区地下水污染对居民和工人造成的非致癌风险分别为0.81和0.079，致癌风险分别为5.6×10-7和2.7×10-8，均未超出安全范围；致癌物对于场地附近居民，以吸入吸收为主要暴露途径（74.8%），对于场地工人，则以口入为主要暴露途径（55%），居民和工人均以皮肤接触暴露途径最小。本研究结果可为该搬迁农药厂地下水污染修复设计提供依据，亦可为苏南地区类似农药厂污染场地地下水调查与健康风险评价提供参考。 　　关键词：废弃农药厂；地下水；健康风险评价；致癌；环境风险 　　中图分类号：X522 文献标志码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2018.03.014 　　Abstract：In order to investigate the present situation of groundwater pollution and its environmental risk in an abandoned pesticide factory in south of Jiangsu Province， the environmental health assessment method of USEPA on contaminated site was used to evaluate and analyze the risk of groundwater to exposed human bodies in that factory. The results indicated that the main organic pollutants were 2，4-dichlorophenol， 2，6-dichlorophenol， 2，4，6-trichlorophenol， dimethyl phthalate， in which 2，4，6-trichlorophenol was the only carcinogen. The non-carcinogenic risks of groundwater pollution to residents and workers in the factory area were 0.81 and 0.079 respectively， and the carcinogenic risks were 5.6×10-7 and 2.7×10-8 respectively， and the risks were all under the safety limits. For nearby residents， they were mainly exposed through breathing， occupying 74.8%. For site workers， they were mainly exposed through mouth， occupying 55%. Both residents and workers had the lowest exposure to skin contact. The survey could provide reference for groundwater pollution in South Area of Jiangsu Province. 　　Key words：abandoned pesticide factory， groundwater， health risk assessment， carcinogenicity， environmental risk 　　近年?恚?苏南城市在推行产业转型的过程中，城市产业结构不断调整。为了保护城市环境，提高对土地利用效率，大量重工业和高污染企业由市区搬迁至郊区，但是有关搬迁后原有土地土壤污染程度的报道较少[1]。搬迁后的原地块土壤存在大量有机物和重金属，随着雨水和灌溉水的渗入，大量污染物进入地下水，扩大了污染区域，地下水在生物圈循环速度慢，污染难以被发现，但对区域内饮用地下水的居民健康带来了严重威胁。近年来，李振红等[2]对某油库地下水污染进行调查和健康风险评估，结果显示地下水中1，2-二氯乙烷超标，有致癌风险；王若师等[3]对某地区饮用水水源地进行了健康风险评价，结果显示致癌风险由大到小依次为江河