发酵玉米秸秆生产燃料乙醇的研究-遗传学专业论文.docxVIP

发酵玉米秸秆生产燃料乙醇的研究 Study on HYPERLINK /dict_result.aspx?searchword=%e5%8f%91%e9%85%b5%e7%94%9f%e4%ba%a7amp;tjType=sentenceamp;styleamp;t=fermentation%2Bof Fermentation of HYPERLINK /dict_result.aspx?searchword=%e7%87%83%e6%96%99%e4%b9%99%e9%86%87amp;tjType=sentenceamp;styleamp;t=fuel%2Bethanol fuel ethanol from cornstalk 研究生姓 名：张应龙 指导教师姓名：蔡禄 内蒙古科技大学数理与生物工程学院 包头 014010，中国 Candidate：ZHANG Ying-long Supervisor：CAILu School of Mathematics，Physics and Biological Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou 014010，P.R.CHINA 摘 要 随着石油资源的日益枯竭，可再生清洁能源受到了广泛的重视，生物质发酵生产乙醇是 可再生能源研究领域的热点。我国的特有情况要求我们走“非粮”路线，我国玉米种植面积 目前居世界第二，达 40000 余万亩，每年产生秸秆数亿吨，其中仅有不足 10%得到了较好的 利用，不仅造成严重的资源浪费，而且污染环境，因此以玉米秸秆原料发酵生产乙醇具有非 常广阔的应用前景。本研究旨在配合本地农业废弃物的处理和利用，建立玉米秸秆制备燃料 乙醇的初步流程。 采用物理法、化学法和生物法相结合对原料进行预处理，破坏秸秆中木质素、半纤维素 与纤维素间的晶体结构，酸可及度和酶可及度提高；部分半纤维素被水解，木质素被去除， 粗纤维含量提高了 16.31%。利用纤维素酶或稀酸降解纤维素得到葡萄糖，以实验室保藏的 一株发酵葡萄糖产乙醇能力较强的酵母菌为出发菌株，通过热冲击等诱变手段筛选得到的一 株酵母 X，该菌同时具有较高的乙酸、苯酚和乙醇耐受性；分别采用正交法和响应面法对酵 母菌 X 的发酵培养基和发酵条件进行了优化，优化后利用酵母菌 X 发酵得到的乙醇产量提 高了 15.44%，葡萄糖转化率提高了 11.30%。筛选得到了一株活性较高的木糖发酵菌株 H3， 利用响应面法对其发酵条件进行优化后，理论乙醇产量为 1.447g/L。 关键词：玉米秸秆；燃料乙醇；生物法 Abstract With the increasing depletion of oil resources, renewable clean energy has gained extensive concern and the fermentation of biomass to produce ethanol has been a hot research field of renewable energy. Since Chinas unique situation requires that the non-food route should be taken，corn cultivated area in China now ranks second in the world, reaching more than 40,000 acres and producing several hundred million tons of corn stalk. However, only less than 10% of corm stalk has been better put into use. This not only causes serious waste of resources, but also results in environmental pollution. Therefore, the utilization of corn stalk as raw material to produce ethanol has a very broad application prospect. The aim of this work was to carry out the disposal and utilization of agricultural wastes in local places and establish primary technological process