世界经典英语演讲赏析教学课件6. Franklin D. Roosevelt-The Four Freedoms.ppt

Attack on Pearl Harbor The attack came as a profound shock to the American people and led directly to the American entry into World War II in both the Pacific and European theaters. The following day (December 8), the United States declared war on Japan. Domestic support for non-interventionism, which had been strong, disappeared. Clandestine support of Britain (for example the Neutrality Patrol) was replaced by active alliance. Subsequent operations by the U.S. prompted Germany and Italy to declare war on the U.S. on December 11, which was reciprocated by the U.S. the same day. There were numerous historical precedents for unannounced military action by Japan. However, the lack of any formal warning, particularly while negotiations were still apparently ongoing, led President Franklin D. Roosevelt to proclaim December 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy. The Great Depression and the New Deal The Great Depression began with the Wall Street Crash of October, 1929 and rapidly spread. The market crash marked the beginning of a decade of high unemployment, poverty, low profits, deflation, plunging farm incomes, and lost opportunities for economic growth and personal advancement. After Franklin Roosevelt took office in1933, a series of economic programs were enacted in the Untied States, which is known as the New Deal. The Great Depression and the New Deal The programs were in response to the Great Depression, and focused on what historians call the 3 Rs: Relief, Recovery, and Reform. Relief was urgently needed by tens of millions of unemployed. Recovery meant boosting the economy back to normal. Reform meant long-term fixes of what was wrong, especially with the financial and banking systems. The Great Depression and the New Deal Roosevelt‘s New Deal reshaped the economy and structure of the United States, in order to end the poverty during the crisis. It transformed basic economic principles from a laissez faire (