认知音位学初析.docVIP

认知音位学初析 　　提 要:自20世纪70年代以来,认知语言学家几乎对语言的各个层面都作出了阐述,但是对音位的阐述还比较零散,尚未形成学科体系。本文提出建构认知音位学学科体系的设想,论述认知音位学的基本观点,探析其主要研究方法,阐述其主要研究任务和框架。基于此,本文将认知音位学权且描述为:坚持体验哲学和认知语言学之基本观点,以音位(包括音位变体)、音段、音步、音节、重读、音调、语调等研究为重点,致力于探索语音的结构规律以及语音跟形态、句法、语义、语用等其他语言要素的功能联系,通过范畴化、概念化、图式化等人类基本认知方式对音位系统作出统一解释的一个认知语言学分支。 　　关键词:认知语言学;认知音位学;音位 　　中图分类号:H0-05 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-0100(2010)05-0026-5 　　 　　A Tentative Exploration in Cognitive Phonemics 　　Zhao Yong-feng 　　(Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; 　　Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China) 　　Since the 1970s, cognitive linguists have conducted systematic and meticulous studies on various levels of language, with theexcept of thephoneme. As a result, studies on phoneme in Cognitive Linguistics have not yet formed into an independent branch or a unified discipline. This paper proposes to set up cognitive phonemics. Specifically, based on the reflection of the history of phonology, the paper explores the basic idea and the main methodology in cognitive phonemics and points out the main task and framework of cognitive phonemics. Meanwhile, the paper offers an expedient description of cognitive phonemics: adhering to the basic idea of the embodied philosophy and cognitive linguistics, cognitive phonemics, centered on the study ofthe phoneme (including allophones), segment, foot, syllable, stress, tone and intonation and the functional relations between sound patterns and morpheme, syntax, semantics and pragmatics, is an important branch of cognitive linguistics, aiming at a unified explanation on the system of sound by human basic cognitive abilities such as categorization, conceptualization and schematization. 　　Key words:cognitive linguistics; cognitive phonemics; phoneme 　　 　　1 认知音位学的基本观点 　　 　　认知语言学是在对客观主义哲学和TG语法批判的过程中得到不断充实和发展的语言学理论,坚持体验哲学观,以身体经验和认知为出发点,以概念结构和意义研究为中心,着力寻求语言事实背后的认知方式,并通过认知方式和知识结构等对语言作出统一解释的、新兴的、跨领域的学科(王寅 2007)。因此,认知音位学作为认知语言学的一个分支,坚持体验哲学和认知语言学的基本观点,对音位进行系统研究。 　　1.1 习得性 　　“音、义”是语言的两个要素。音是语言